浅谈针灸治疗黄褐斑的临床研究进展

A Brief Discussion on the Clinical Research Progress of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in the Treatment of Chloasma

摘要: 从中医的角度讲，黄褐斑又称为“肝斑”或“面尘”，是一种临床常见的色素沉着性皮肤病。该病多发于中青年女性，皮损常对称分布于面部及颈项部，严重影响患者的容貌与心理健康。现代医学认为，黄褐斑的发病与遗传、紫外线照射、性激素水平变化及皮肤屏障受损等因素密切相关。可采用外用脱色剂、口服药物及物理疗法进行治疗。但西医治疗存在疗程长、易复发及可能伴随皮肤屏障受损等局限性。中医认为黄褐斑虽形于外，实发于内。肝、肾、脾三脏功能失调，导致气机郁滞、气血失和，进而致使瘀血阻络，不能上荣于面。针灸作为中医特色疗法之一，近年来在黄褐斑的治疗中展现出独特优势。针灸能够改善局部血液循环，促进色素代谢，从而达到治疗目的。本文回顾了近年来针灸治疗黄褐斑的临床研究进展，旨在为临床实践提供参考。

Abstract: From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), chloasma, also known as “liver spots” or “facial dust”, is a clinically common pigmentation skin disease. This disease primarily affects young and middle-aged women, with lesions often symmetrically distributed on the face and neck, seriously affecting patients’ appearance and mental health. Modern medicine believes that the onset of chloasma is closely related to factors such as genetics, ultraviolet exposure, changes in sex hormone levels, and a damaged skin barrier. Treatments include topical depigmenting agents, oral medications, and physical therapies. However, Western medicine treatments have limitations such as long treatment courses, high recurrence rates, and potential damage to the skin barrier. TCM believes that although chloasma manifests externally, it originates internally. Dysfunction of the liver, kidney, and spleen leads to qi stagnation, disharmony between qi and blood, resulting in blood stasis obstructing the meridians and failing to nourish the face. Acupuncture and moxibustion, as one of the characteristic therapies of TCM, have demonstrated unique advantages in the treatment of chloasma in recent years. Acupuncture and moxibustion can improve local blood circulation and promote pigment metabolism, thereby achieving therapeutic goals. This article reviews the recent clinical research progress on acupuncture and moxibustion for the treatment of chloasma, aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice.