贵州省纳雍县远盲蚓属一蚯蚓的多基因鉴定
Multilocus Molecular Identification of an Amynthas Earthworm Distributed in Nayong County, Guizhou Province
DOI: 10.12677/ojns.2026.143033, PDF,    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 谢章丹, 熊荣川*, 谢采玲, 赵文杰, 陆丽琴, 陈 静, 王银娟, 唐筱瑞：六盘水师范学院生物科学与技术学院，贵州 六盘水
关键词: 蚯蚓；转录组测序；分子鉴定；纳雍；Earthworm； RNA-Seq； Molecular Identification； Nayong
摘要: 毕节市纳雍县地处贵州西北部乌蒙山区，其蚯蚓物种多样性研究尚属空白。本研究对该区域采集的一号蚯蚓样品进行多基因分子鉴定，以明确其分类学归属。通过转录组测序获取线粒体COI、COII、ND1、12S rRNA及16S rRNA基因序列，结合GenBank数据库同源序列构建最大似然树和贝叶斯树，并基于Kimura二参数模型估算遗传距离。结果表明：该样品与Amynthas californica (加州腔蚓)在多个基因树中聚为支持率较高的单系群，COII、ND1、12S rRNA及16S rRNA基因遗传距离分别为1.79%、1.30%、0.30%和1.00%，均低于种内分化阈值；COI基因分析显示与Amynthas kiangensis遗传距离为5.19%，与标注为Amynthas schmardae的序列(实为A. californica误鉴)距离仅0.88%。综合多基因证据，将该样品鉴定为Amynthas californica，支持A. kiangensis为其次异名。本研究报道了该物种在贵州纳雍县的分布，为西南地区蚯蚓分类修订提供了分子数据。
Abstract: Nayong County, Bijie City, located in the Wumeng mountainous area of northwestern Guizhou Province, remains a research gap regarding earthworm biodiversity. This study conducted multilocus molecular identification of an earthworm specimen collected from this region to clarify its taxonomic status. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to obtain mitochondrial COI, COII, ND1, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inference methods based on homologous sequences from GenBank, and genetic distances were estimated using the Kimura two-parameter model. The results demonstrated that the specimen clustered with Amynthas californica in high-support clades across multiple gene trees, with genetic distances of 1.79% (COII), 1.30% (ND1), 0.30% (12S rRNA), and 1.00% (16S rRNA), all below the intraspecific divergence threshold. COI gene analysis revealed a 5.19% divergence from Amynthas kiangensis and only 0.88% from sequences annotated as Amynthas schmardae (which were confirmed to be misidentified A. californica). Based on multigene evidence, the specimen was identified as Amynthas californica, supporting A. kiangensis as a junior synonym. This study reports this species from Nayong County and provides molecular data for earthworm taxonomic revision in Southwest China.
文章引用：谢章丹, 熊荣川, 谢采玲, 赵文杰, 陆丽琴, 陈静, 王银娟, 唐筱瑞. 贵州省纳雍县远盲蚓属一蚯蚓的多基因鉴定[J]. 自然科学, 2026, 14(3): 290-297. https://doi.org/10.12677/ojns.2026.143033

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