基于扎根理论的城市老年人短视频沉迷生成机制研究

A Grounded Theory Study on the Mechanisms Underlying Short Video Addiction among Urban Seniors Individuals

摘要: 在积极老龄观与数字化转型的双重背景下，短视频已成为城市老年群体日常生活的重要组成部分，其引发的沉迷风险日益凸显。本研究通过扎根理论构建城市老年人短视频沉迷的系统演化机制。研究发现，该行为源于个体在社会角色转变后对效能与情感的代偿性诉求，在算法环境下转化为路径依赖。技术特征通过降低认知负荷与提供即时激励，削弱了使用者的自我管控效能，导致媒介接触由偶发转向惯性。身心损耗产生的负向反馈因现实生活质量下降，诱发了更高强度的虚拟依附，形成自我强化的循环。据此，治理应从单一的行为管控转向涵盖技术伦理、社区支持和家庭赋权等协同治理体系，以提升老年群体的数字自主能力。

Abstract: Against the dual backdrop of active aging and digital transformation, short videos have become an integral part of the daily lives of urban seniors, and the risks of addiction associated with them are becoming increasingly apparent. This study employs grounded theory to construct a systematic evolutionary mechanism for short video addiction among urban seniors. The findings reveal that this behavior stems from individuals’ compensatory needs for efficacy and emotional fulfillment following a shift in social roles, which, within an algorithmic environment, transforms into path dependence. Technical features, by reducing cognitive load and providing instant gratification, undermine users’ self-regulatory efficacy, causing media engagement to shift from occasional to habitual. Negative feedback resulting from physical and mental exhaustion, coupled with a decline in real-life quality of life, triggers a stronger attachment to the virtual world, creating a self-reinforcing cycle. Accordingly, governance should shift from single-dimensional behavioral control to a collaborative governance system encompassing technological ethics, community support, and family empowerment, with the aim of enhancing the digital autonomy of the elderly population.