文成糯米山药生产现状及产业化发展对策

The Current Situation of Wencheng Glutinous Rice Yam Production and the Development Strategy of Industrialization

摘要: 发展农业特色产业，培育农业农村发展新动能，推进乡村产业兴旺，构建更加紧密的产业链和供应链，搭建一二三产业融合高质量发展平台，助力乡村全面振兴。文成县立足特色，精准发力，因地制宜开发粮菜药皆用，药食同源的乡土特色的文成糯米山药，既能守住政府的“粮袋子”、稳住市场的“菜篮子”、丰富增强药疗的“药引子”，又能鼓起农民的“钱袋子”。悠久的栽培历史积累了丰富的原始而又传统种植经验，产业开发初期，探索并研究了先进的配方施肥和浅生槽、多层覆盖、大棚避雨、滴灌设施等栽培管理技术。优美的自然生态环境，肥沃深厚的土壤土层，气候常年温暖湿润、秋冬昼夜温差大，构成了适宜糯米山药生长发育得天独厚的自然环境要素，是保持文成糯米山药品质千年不变的重要因子。2024年，全年栽培总面积806 hm²，年总商品产量1.93万t，一二三总产值6.5亿元，被列为浙江省第一批“263共富农产品”。产业发展前景广阔，通过对糯米山药产业现状的调查，分析当前生产优势，剖析产业发展过程中存在的问题，并提出文成糯米山药产供销一体化经营、产品精深加工、延伸产业链等产业化发展对策。

Abstract: Develop distinctive agricultural industries, cultivate new drivers for agricultural and rural development, promote the prosperity of rural industries, build closer industrial and supply chains, establish platforms for high-quality integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, and contribute to the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside. Wencheng County is based on its characteristics and precise efforts. It develops local characteristic Wencheng glutinous rice yams, which can be used for grain, vegetables and medicine. It can not only keep the government’s “grain bag”, stabilize the market’s “vegetable basket”, and enrich and strengthen the “medicine guide” of medical treatment, but also make the farmers’ “money bag” full. The long history of cultivation has accumulated a wealth of original and traditional planting experience. In the early stage of industrial development, advanced formula fertilization and shallow seedling, multi-layer covering, rain shelter greenhouse, drip irrigation facilities and other cultivation management technologies have been explored and studied. The beautiful natural environment, fertile and deep soil layer, and the climate are warm and humid all the year round, and the difference between day and night temperature in autumn and winter is large, which constitutes a unique natural environmental factor suitable for the growth and development of glutinous rice yam, and is an important factor to maintain the quality of Wencheng glutinous rice yam unchanged for thousands of years. In 2024, the total planting area for the whole year was 806 hm², the total commodity production was 19.3 thousand tons, and the total output value of one, two and three industries was 650 million yuan, which was listed as the first batch of “263 common prosperity agricultural products” in Zhejiang Province. The development prospects of the industry are broad. Through the investigation of the current situation of the glutinous rice yam industry, the current production advantages are analyzed, the problems existing in the process of industry development are analyzed, and the integrated operation of the production, supply and marketing of Wencheng glutinous rice yam, the deep processing of products, and the extension of the industrial chain and other industrial development strategies are put forward.