中医治疗孤独症谱系障碍患儿共患智力发育障碍的增效协同效应的机制分析及研究进展

Mechanism Analysis and Research Progress on the Synergistic Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Comorbid Intellectual Disability in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

摘要: 孤独症谱系障碍患儿共患智力发育障碍时，在认知、语言、生活技能等多个方面均会存在更严重的问题，给家庭和社会带来巨大负担。本文通过论述二病的中医病因病机以及中医治疗进展，为治疗ASD共患ID患儿提供基于“充养脑髓、开窍醒神”核心治法的多种中医治疗方案。中药治疗秉承补肾填精药和化痰开窍药联合应用的原则；针灸治疗强调刺激头部，以靳三针为核心，辨证加用体针；推拿治疗注重头面项部局部及督脉的刺激，并重视“脑–肠轴”理论的指导，大量运用腹部推拿。

Abstract: When children with autism spectrum disorder also have intellectual developmental disorders, they will encounter more severe problems in multiple aspects such as cognition, language, and life skills, thereby imposing a heavy burden on families and society. This article discusses the etiology and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and the progress of TCM treatment of two diseases, providing various TCM treatment plans based on the core treatment method of “Chongyangnaosui, Kaiqiaoxingshen” for the treatment of ASD comorbid children with ID. Chinese Herbal Medicine treatment adheres to the principle of combining “Bushentianjing” drugs with “Kaiqiaohuatan” drugs. Acupuncture treatment emphasizes stimulation of the head, with Jin Sanzhen as the core, and body acupuncture is added based on syndrome differentiation. Massage therapy focuses on stimulating the local area of the head, face, neck, and governor vessel, and attaches great importance to the guidance of the “brain-gut axis” theory, making extensive use of abdominal massage.