页岩油轻质组分散失及恢复研究进展
Advances in Research on the Loss Process and Recovery of Light Components in Shale Oil
DOI: 10.12677/ag.2026.165062, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 廖停婷, 王 谨, 霍俊吉：重庆科技大学石油与天然气工程学院，重庆；李 明*：重庆科技大学重庆非常规油气开发研究院，重庆
关键词: 页岩油；轻质组分；散失过程；原位恢复；Shale Oil； Light Components； Loss Process； In Situ Restoration
摘要: 页岩油轻质组分(C1~C14)在取心、保存、转运、粉碎及测试过程中易发生散失，导致实验结果偏离页岩原位状态，制约页岩油原位含油率评价、孔隙流体赋存认识及可动性分析。本文围绕页岩油轻质组分散失过程及恢复研究，系统综述了其在页岩油地质评价中的重要意义，重点归纳了流体放置模拟法、岩样放置模拟法和数值模拟法等散失过程研究手段，总结了经验法、平衡约束法、原油组分对比法、岩样含烃量对比法和生烃动力学法等恢复系数确定方法，并分析了不同方法的适用条件、优势与局限。研究表明，当前轻质组分散失研究已由测试误差识别拓展至原位含油率恢复、限域相态分析及可动性评价等层面，但不同盆地、不同成熟度页岩及不同测试方法之间仍缺乏统一认识。未来应加强原位样品全过程动态监测，推动恢复研究向组分–相态–赋存状态协同表征发展。
Abstract: Light components (C1~C14) in shale oil are prone to loss during coring, preservation, transportation, crushing, and analytical testing, causing experimental results to deviate from the original in situ state of shale oil. This significantly restricts the accurate evaluation of in situ oil content, the understanding of pore-fluid occurrence, and the assessment of shale oil mobility. Focusing on the loss process and recovery of light components in shale oil, this paper systematically reviews their significance in shale oil geological evaluation. It summarizes the main approaches used to investigate light-component loss, including fluid exposure simulation, rock sample exposure simulation, and numerical simulation. In addition, methods for determining recovery coefficients are reviewed, including empirical methods, equilibrium-constraint methods, crude-oil compositional comparison methods, rock-sample hydrocarbon-content comparison methods and hydrocarbon generation kinetics methods. The applicability, strengths, and limitations of these methods are also analyzed. The review shows that current research on light-component loss has expanded from the identification of testing bias to broader issues such as in situ oil-content restoration, confined phase-behavior analysis, and mobility evaluation. However, a unified understanding has not yet been established across different basins, maturity levels, and analytical methods. Future studies should strengthen dynamic monitoring throughout the entire workflow of in situ sample handling and promote the integrated characterization of composition, phase behavior, and occurrence state in recovery studies.
文章引用：廖停婷, 李明, 王谨, 霍俊吉. 页岩油轻质组分散失及恢复研究进展[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2026, 16(5): 681-690. https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2026.165062

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