数字化背景下众包骑手劳动权益保障问题研究

Research on the Protection of Labor Rights and Interests of Crowdsourced Riders in the Context of Digitalization

摘要: 数字经济的深度发展催生了平台化用工新模式，众包骑手作为灵活就业群体的核心组成部分，已成为城市民生服务体系的重要支撑。数字化技术在提升配送效率、降低就业门槛的同时，也带来了算法管控机制不透明、劳动关系模糊、维权体系适配不足等新问题，导致众包骑手劳动权益保障陷入多重困境。本文以数字化背景为核心视角，遵循“提出问题–分析问题–解决问题”的研究逻辑，基于415份问卷调查数据，梳理众包骑手劳动权益保障的现实困境，深层剖析困境形成的核心成因，最终提出针对性的优化路径，以期为完善灵活就业人员权益保障体系、推动平台经济规范健康发展提供理论参考与实践思路。

Abstract: The deep development of the digital economy has given rise to a new model of platform-based employment. As a core component of the flexible employment group, crowdsourced riders have become an important pillar of the urban public service system. While digital technologies improve delivery efficiency and lower employment barriers, they also bring new problems such as opaque algorithmic control mechanisms, ambiguous labor relations, and inadequate adaptation of rights protection systems, leading to multiple difficulties in the protection of crowdsourced riders’ labor rights and interests. From the perspective of digitalization, this paper follows the research logic of “raising problems, analyzing problems, and solving problems”. Based on survey data from 415 questionnaires, it examines the practical dilemmas in the protection of crowdsourced riders’ labor rights, deeply analyzes the underlying causes of these dilemmas, and finally proposes targeted optimization paths, with a view to providing theoretical references and practical ideas for improving the protection system for flexible workers and promoting the standardized and healthy development of the platform economy.