肺炎支原体耐药性研究现状：机制、趋势、影响与中医药应对策略

Mechanisms, Trends, Impact, and Chinese Herbal Medicine Response Strategies: A Review on the Current Status of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Antibiotic Resistance

摘要: 肺炎支原体是导致儿童以及成人社区获得性肺炎的主要病原体之一。随着病程治疗中大环内酯类抗生素，特别是阿奇霉素的大量应用，导致肺炎支原体治疗耐药率持续攀升，目前已成为临床治疗该疾病时面临的重要难题。本文旨在系统性整合肺炎支原体治疗耐药的流行病学现状及主要分子机制，同时对其临床治疗中的影响、中西医结合应对策略进行概述。并且探讨在未来药物使用中，需加强耐药监测网络建设、规范抗生素使用、深化中西医结合机制研究，以应对日益严峻的肺炎支原体耐药问题。

Abstract: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in both children and adults. The extensive use of macrolide antibiotics, particularly azithromycin, in clinical treatment has led to a persistent rise in the drug resistance rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which has now become a significant challenge in managing this disease. This article aims to systematically review the current epidemiological status and primary molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae treatment, while also summarizing its impact on clinical management and strategies for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine interventions. Furthermore, it explores the need for strengthening drug resistance surveillance networks, standardizing antibiotic use, and advancing research on integrated Chinese and Western medicine mechanisms in future drug applications to address the increasingly serious issue of Mycoplasma pneumoniae resistance.