教育大数据场景下学生隐私保护困境及其治理策略

Strategies of Students’ Privacy Protection in the Context of Educational Big Data

摘要: 随着数字技术与教育领域的深度融合，教育大数据已成为推动教育数字化转型、提升教育质量的核心支撑，其应用覆盖学生学习、校园管理等全流程。但在教育大数据释放发展红利的同时，学生隐私保护问题日益突出，严重威胁学生合法权益，制约教育大数据健康发展。本文采用文献研究与逻辑分析相结合的方法，系统剖析教育大数据场景下学生隐私保护的现实困境，探究困境产生的深层成因，并提出针对性治理策略。研究发现，当前学生隐私保护面临数据采集边界模糊、存储利用失范、监管与救济机制不完善三大核心困境，其成因主要源于制度缺失与利益偏差、安全管理不足与技术素养滞后、监管救济双重不完善。基于此，本文从完善数据采集制度与告知流程、筑牢数据存储防线与厘清利用边界、健全监管救济体系与强化权益保障三个维度，构建全方位的学生隐私保护治理体系，旨在实现学生隐私保护与教育大数据利用的平衡，为教育数字化转型保驾护航，推动构建安全、可信的数字教育生态。

Abstract: With the in-depth integration of digital technology and the field of education, educational big data has become the core support for promoting the digital transformation of education and improving the quality of education, and its applications cover the entire process of students’ learning, campus management, and other aspects. However, while educational big data releases development dividends, the problem of students’ privacy protection has become increasingly prominent, which seriously threatens students’ legitimate rights and interests and restricts the healthy development of educational big data. This paper adopts a combination of literature research and logical analysis methods to systematically analyze the realistic dilemmas of students’ privacy protection in the context of educational big data, explore the underlying causes of the dilemmas, and propose targeted governance strategies. The study finds that the current students’ privacy protection is faced with three core dilemmas: vague boundaries of data collection, irregular data storage and utilization, and imperfect supervision and relief mechanisms. The main causes are the lack of systems and interest deviations, insufficient safety management and backward technical literacy, and double imperfection of supervision and relief. Based on this, this paper constructs a comprehensive governance system for students’ privacy protection from three dimensions: improving the data collection system and notification process, building a solid line of defense for data storage and clarifying the boundary of utilization, and improving the supervision and relief system and strengthening the protection of rights and interests. It aims to achieve the balance between students’ privacy protection and the utilization of educational big data, escort the digital transformation of education, and promote the construction of a safe and credible digital education ecology.