丙烯酸基煤层抑尘剂抑尘特性研究

Research on Dust Suppression Characteristics of Acrylic Acid-Based Coal Seam Dust Suppression Agent

摘要: 为克服煤层注水技术中水分保持性不佳，开采时粉尘抑制效率不理想的局限，综合采用文献调研与实验验证相结合的方法，研究制备了一种以丙烯酸为关键基质材料的煤层原位抑尘剂，并通过保水率、产尘率、比表面积及孔径及扫描电镜测试，对制备得到的丙烯酸基煤层抑尘剂进行抑尘性能测试与微观结构表征。结果表明：经该抑尘剂处理后的煤样，保水时间为水处理煤样的3.17倍；开始产尘时间为第34 h，产尘率仅为0.29%。完全干燥后的平均产尘率为2.10%，较原煤降低约55.22%；该抑尘剂可牢固附着在煤体表面，并渗入煤体内部的裂隙与孔隙当中，形成稳定的凝胶结构，实现对煤体由内至外的有效包覆与胶结，可有效抑制煤体产尘。

Abstract: To overcome the limitations of poor water retention and unsatisfactory dust suppression efficiency during coal seam water injection technology, a method combining literature research and experimental verification was adopted to develop an in-situ dust suppressant for coal seams using acrylic acid as the key matrix material. The prepared acrylic-based coal seam dust suppressant was tested for its dust suppression performance and microstructure characterization through water retention rate, dust production rate, specific surface area, pore size, and scanning electron microscope tests. The results showed that the coal samples treated with this dust suppressant had a water retention time 3.17 times longer than that of the water-treated coal samples; the start of dust production occurred at the 34th hour, with a dust production rate of only 0.29%. The average dust production rate after complete drying was 2.10%, approximately 55.22% lower than that of the original coal; this dust suppressant could firmly adhere to the coal surface and penetrate into the cracks and pores within the coal body, forming a stable gel structure, achieving effective internal and external encapsulation and cementation of the coal body, and effectively suppressing coal dust production.