超短基线定位系统在温盐深剖面测量仪作业中的应用

Application of Ultra-Short Baseline Positioning System in CTD Profile Measurement Operations

摘要: 超短基线定位系统作为一种水下声学定位技术，因其布设灵活、实时性较强、定位精度较高而在海洋调查、海底工程和相关水下作业领域得到应用。海洋可持续发展的核心需求之一是获取精准、高质量的海洋基础观测数据，为海洋生态保护、资源合理开发、环境精细化管理提供科学支撑，而温盐深剖面测量仪(Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) Profiler)是获取海水理化基础参数的核心设备，其作业测量精度直接决定海洋基础数据的应用价值。本文旨在探讨超短基线定位系统在CTD作业中的应用，为提高作业测量精度、加快测量效率、保障海洋调查作业质量提供技术支持，助力海洋可持续发展实践。本文首先介绍了超短基线定位系统的原理和特点，然后分析了其在海洋调查中的多场景应用；同时以CTD搭载超短基线定位系统为例，针对实验设计与数据处理进行了详细阐述。研究表明，超短基线定位系统应用于CTD作业时，能够较为准确地恢复水下测量单元的运动轨迹，并在一定程度上提高测量定位精度和数据空间对应性，减小传统作业模式下的位置偏差。本文研究为CTD作业中引入超短基线定位系统提供了案例参考，也为海洋小尺度精细化观测中的位置修正提供了方法依据。结合实际应用，本文进一步讨论了该技术在不同作业场景中的应用潜力与后续研究方向。

Abstract: The ultra-short baseline (USBL) positioning system, as an underwater acoustic positioning technology, is applied in ocean surveys, seabed engineering, and related underwater operations due to its flexible deployment, strong real-time capability, and high positioning accuracy. One of the core requirements for sustainable ocean development is to obtain precise, high-quality basic marine observation data, providing scientific support for marine ecological protection, rational resource development, and refined environmental management. The Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) Profiler is the core equipment for acquiring basic physical and chemical parameters of seawater, and the operational measurement accuracy of the CTD directly determines the application value of basic ocean data. This paper aims to explore the application of the USBL system in CTD operations, providing technical support for improving operational measurement accuracy, accelerating measurement efficiency, and ensuring the quality of ocean survey operations, thereby contributing to sustainable ocean development practices. First, this paper introduces the principles and characteristics of the USBL system, then analyzes its multi-scenario applications in ocean surveys. Taking the CTD equipped with the USBL system as an example, the experimental design and data processing are detailed. The study shows that when the USBL system is applied to CTD operations, it can accurately reconstruct the motion trajectory of underwater measurement units and, to some extent, improve measurement positioning accuracy and data spatial correspondence, reducing positional deviations under traditional operational modes. This study provides a case reference for introducing the USBL system into CTD operations and offers a methodological basis for position correction in fine-scale ocean observations. Combining practical applications, the paper further discusses the technology’s potential in different operational scenarios and directions for future research.