基于语义分析法下“敬畏”的研究

A Study on “Awe” Based on the Semantic Analysis Method

摘要: 敬畏是中华传统文化中贯穿儒道思想体系的核心心理构念，也是积极心理学领域备受关注的研究主题。但在不同的文化下，对敬畏的定义及心理结构有所不同，难以精准把握中国人敬畏心理的形成机制与发展规律。本文采用汪氏语义分析法，梳理了“敬”“畏”二字的字形演化脉络、本义与引申义的历史变化，同时分析了敬畏的心理含义。“敬”以内在肃警、自我约束为核心，是兼具亲社会属性的心理特质，而“畏”以审慎戒惧、边界恪守为内核，是兼具道德约束功能的文化心理机制，二者相辅相成。本文不仅为中国本土敬畏心理学的理论研究补充了语义层面的支撑，也为当代中国人敬畏感的培育、积极心理品质的提升提供了本土化的参考依据。

Abstract: Awe is a core psychological construct that runs through the Confucian and Taoist ideological systems in traditional Chinese culture, and is also a high-profile research topic in the field of positive psychology. However, the definition and psychological structure of awe vary across different cultural contexts, making it difficult to accurately grasp the formation mechanism and development law of awe psychology among Chinese people. This paper adopts Wang’s Semantic Analysis Method to systematically sort out the evolution of the character forms of Jing and Wei, the historical changes of their original and extended meanings, and further analyzes the psychological connotation of awe. Jing (Veneration), centered on inner vigilance and self-restraint, is a psychological trait with prosocial attributes; while Wei (Wariness), with prudence, vigilance and boundary observance as its core, is a cultural psychological mechanism with moral restraint function, and the two complement each other. This paper not only supplements semantic-level support for the theoretical research of Chinese indigenous awe psychology, but also provides a localized reference basis for the cultivation of awe and the improvement of positive psychological qualities among contemporary Chinese people.