近十年前瞻记忆认知神经机制研究进展及人群差异比较
Research Progress on the Neural Mechanism of Prospective Memory in the Past Decade, and Comparison of Population Differences
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2026.165261, PDF,   
作者: 赵 莹：华北理工大学心理与精神卫生学院，河北省心理健康与脑科学重点实验室，河北 唐山；北京精神障碍重点实验室，国家精神障碍临床研究中心及国家精神障碍中心，首都医科大学北京安定医院，北京；秦湘琴, 周福春*：北京精神障碍重点实验室，国家精神障碍临床研究中心及国家精神障碍中心，首都医科大学北京安定医院，北京；张秀军*：华北理工大学心理与精神卫生学院，河北省心理健康与脑科学重点实验室，河北 唐山
关键词: 前瞻记忆；认知功能；前额叶皮层；Prospective Memory； Cognitive Function； Prefrontal Cortex
摘要: 本文综述了近十年(2015~2025)前瞻记忆研究的核心进展。理论模型(如多重加工理论)聚焦策略性监控与自发提取的动态平衡。神经机制研究揭示了其依赖于前额叶–顶叶控制网络、默认网络、海马系统及皮层下结构组成的分布式网络的协同与动态重组。健康老年人因前额叶效率下降及网络连接减弱，尤其在时间性任务中表现受损。精神分裂症、抑郁症、神经退行性疾病等患者则因特定脑网络节点或连接异常(如前额叶–默认网络调控失灵)存在显著前瞻记忆障碍。当前研究在神经动态性、生态效度及干预长期效果方面存在不足。未来需深化神经机制动态解析、开展跨诊断比较，并融合技术实现生态化评估与干预。
Abstract: This article reviews the core progress of prospective memory research in the past decade (2015~2025). Theoretical models, such as multiple processing theory, focus on the dynamic balance between strategic monitoring and spontaneous extraction. Neural mechanism studies reveal that it relies on the coordination and dynamic reorganization of distributed networks composed of prefrontal-parietal control network, default mode network, hippocampal system and subcortical structures. The healthy elderly are impaired especially in temporal tasks due to decreased prefrontal efficiency and weakened network connectivity. Patients with schizophrenia, depression, neurodegenerative diseases and other diseases have significant prospective memory impairment due to specific brain network nodes or connectivity abnormalities (such as the regulation failure of the prefrontal-default mode network). Current studies have shortcomings in neurodynamics, ecological validity and long-term effects of intervention. In the future, it is necessary to deepen the dynamic analysis of neural mechanisms, carry out cross-diagnostic comparison, and integrate technology to achieve ecological assessment and intervention.
文章引用：赵莹, 秦湘琴, 周福春, 张秀军 (2026). 近十年前瞻记忆认知神经机制研究进展及人群差异比较. 心理学进展, 16(5), 266-273. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.165261

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