火灾情景下电影院人员疏散模拟与策略优化

Simulation of People Evacuation in a Cinema under Fire Scenarios and Optimization of Strategies

摘要: 文章以北京某影城为研究对象，利用Pyrosim与Anylogic分别建立火灾烟气模型和精细化疏散模型，以9号厅机房为起火点，模拟不同出口场景下的疏散过程，对比ASET与RSET评估安全性并优化方案。结果表明，烟气扩散路径特征明显，能见度最先达危险临界值；Exit 2为高危区域，Exit 1安全性最优，二者为核心疏散出口；全出口开放时Exit 2存在隐患，关闭该出口、仅启用Exit 1与Exit 3可实现安全疏散。研究结果为多厅影院的防火设计、排烟系统布局及应急疏散管理提供了科学依据。

Abstract: This study focuses on a cinema in Beijing and utilizes Pyrosim and Anylogic to establish fire smoke and detailed evacuation models, respectively. Using the machine room of Hall 9 as the ignition point, the evacuation process under different exit scenarios was simulated, comparing ASET and RSET to assess safety and optimize plans. The results indicate that the smoke diffusion path characteristics are evident, with visibility reaching hazardous critical values first; Exit 2 is a high-risk area, while Exit 1 is the safest, serving as a core evacuation exit alongside Exit 2. When all exits are open, Exit 2 poses potential hazards; closing this exit and only using Exit 1 and Exit 3 can achieve safe evacuation. These findings provide a scientific basis for fire protection design, smoke exhaust system layout, and emergency evacuation management in multi-hall cinemas.