回音壁模式光学微腔特性及研究进展
Characteristics and Research Progress of Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Microcavities
DOI: 10.12677/app.2026.165043, PDF,   
作者: 李 轩, 方 铉：长春理工大学物理学院，吉林 长春
关键词: 回音壁模式；品质因子；光学微腔；Whispering Gallery Modes； Quality Factor； Qptical Microcavity
摘要: 近年来，高品质因子(Quality Factor，Q值)回音壁模式(Whispering Gallery Mode, WGM)光学微腔的研究呈现快速发展态势，已成为光学与物理学领域的重点研究方向。光学微腔作为一类微型化光学功能元件，能够同时实现极高的品质因子与极小的模式体积。WGM光学微腔作为光学微腔的典型构型之一，具有体积紧凑、传感灵敏度优异及光子寿命长等突出优势，当前其应用研究主要聚焦于多领域传感系统、微型激光器及高性能光学滤波器等关键技术领域。然而，当前WGM光学微腔的研究尚未迈入规模化量产阶段，仍局限于实验室层面的原理验证与性能优化，其工业化落地进程面临制备成本高昂、微纳加工工艺复杂度高等核心技术瓶颈。本文重点综述了WGM光学微腔的最新研究进展，系统阐述了回音壁模式支撑材料的物理化学特性对微腔Q值的调控机制，详细梳理了近年来WGM光学微腔在传感检测、激光发射及光学滤波等领域的应用成果，并对未来WGM光学微腔面临的技术挑战及潜在研究方向进行了展望。
Abstract: In recent years, the research on Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) optical microcavities with high Quality Factor (Q-factor) has been developing rapidly and has become a key research direction in the fields of optics and physics. As a type of miniaturized optical functional component, optical microcavities can simultaneously achieve extremely high Q-factors and extremely small mode volumes. WGM optical microcavities, as one of the typical configurations of optical microcavities, have outstanding advantages such as compact volume, excellent sensing sensitivity, and long photon lifetime. Currently, the application research of WGM optical microcavities mainly focuses on key technical fields such as multi-domain sensing systems, miniature lasers, and high-performance optical filters. However, the research on WGM optical microcavities has not yet entered the stage of large-scale mass production and is still limited to the principle verification and performance optimization at the laboratory level. The industrialization process of WGM optical microcavities faces core technical bottlenecks such as high preparation costs and complex micro-nano processing techniques. This paper focuses on reviewing the latest research progress of WGM optical microcavities, systematically expounds the regulation mechanism of the Q-factor of the microcavity by the physical and chemical properties of the WGM supporting materials, and comprehensively sorts out the application achievements of WGM optical microcavities in the fields of sensing detection, laser emission, and optical filtering in recent years. It also looks forward to the technical challenges and potential research directions that WGM optical microcavities will face in the future.
文章引用：李轩, 方铉. 回音壁模式光学微腔特性及研究进展[J]. 应用物理, 2026, 16(5): 465-476. https://doi.org/10.12677/app.2026.165043

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