滇西云龙锡矿带成矿规律与找矿标志研究
Study on the Metallogenic Regularity and Prospecting Indicators of the Yunlong Tin Ore Belt in Western Yunnan
摘要: 云龙锡矿带位于滇泰锡矿带北段，是滇西地区重要的锡多金属矿集区。本文在系统总结区域地质、矿床地质、岩石地球化学、同位素年代学及流体包裹体等研究成果的基础上，深入分析了云龙锡矿的成矿地质背景、矿床类型、控矿因素、成矿物质来源与演化，并重新厘定了其成矿时代。研究表明，云龙锡矿带存在至少三期成矿事件：晚侏罗世–早白垩世(~145 Ma)锡成矿期、晚白垩世(~69~72 Ma)钨锡成矿期和始新世(~39 Ma)钨成矿期。矿床类型可划分为锡石–石英–电气石型、锡石–硫化物型和角岩型，均受近南北向、北西向等多组断裂构造控制，呈等距、侧列规律性展布。成矿物质主要来源于地壳硅铝层的改造，早期成矿流体以岩浆水/变质水为主，晚期则有大量大气降水的混入。混合岩化作用为成矿提供了重要的物质基础和热动力条件。在深化成矿规律认识的基础上，本文提出了更为具体的找矿标志，并重新圈定了成矿预测区，为区域锡多金属矿找矿勘查提供了坚实的理论依据。
Abstract: The Yunlong tin ore belt is located in the northern section of the Yunnan-Thailand tin belt and represents an important tin polymetallic ore concentration area in western Yunnan. Based on a systematic summary of regional geology, deposit geology, petrogeochemistry, isotopic geochronology, and fluid inclusion studies, this paper analyzes the metallogenic geological background, deposit types, ore-controlling factors, sources and evolution of ore-forming materials, and redefines the mineralization ages. The results show that the Yunlong tin belt experienced at least three episodes of mineralization: Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous (~145 Ma) tin mineralization, Late Cretaceous (~69~72 Ma) tungsten-tin mineralization, and Eocene (~39 Ma) tungsten mineralization. The deposit types can be divided into cassiterite-quartz-tourmaline type, cassiterite-sulfide type, and hornfels type, all controlled by nearly NS-trending and NW-trending fault systems, exhibiting equidistant and en echelon patterns. The ore-forming materials were mainly derived from the reworking of the crustal silicic layer. The early ore-forming fluids were dominated by magmatic/metamorphic water, whereas the late stage witnessed significant mixing with meteoric water. Migmatization provided essential material basis and thermal dynamic conditions for mineralization. Based on an improved understanding of the metallogenic regularity, this paper proposes more specific prospecting indicators and redefines the metallogenic prospect areas, providing a solid theoretical basis for regional tin polymetallic exploration.
文章引用：雷阳艾, 程迁群, 梁元钊. 滇西云龙锡矿带成矿规律与找矿标志研究[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2026, 16(5): 699-706. https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2026.165064

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