人工智能时代中人的主体性发展困境与解放路径

The Developmental Dilemmas and Emancipation Paths of Human Subjectivity in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

摘要: 人工智能时代的到来，使人的本质力量对象化进入新的历史阶段，同时也带来人的主体性被弱化、遮蔽乃至异化的现实风险。以马克思主义实践观、本质力量对象化理论与异化批判为分析框架，阐释人工智能与人的主体性之间的辩证关系，揭示智能技术在认知、创造、交往三大实践领域引发的主体性困境。研究表明，走出困境需要构建价值引领、能力重塑、制度保障三位一体的解放路径，坚持以人为本、强化主体能力、完善技术治理，使人工智能回归服务于人的定位，最终实现人的自由全面发展。

Abstract: The advent of the artificial intelligence era has pushed the objectification of human essential powers to a new historical stage, while also bringing about the realistic risk that human subjectivity is weakened, obscured, and even alienated. Based on Marxist practical view, the theory of objectification of essential powers, and alienation critique, this paper explains the dialectical relationship between artificial intelligence and human subjectivity, and reveals the subjective dilemmas caused by intelligent technology in three practical fields: cognition, creation and communication. The study shows that technological alienation is the common root of the three dilemmas. To get out of the dilemma, it is necessary to construct a trinity liberation path of value guidance, ability reshaping and institutional guarantee, adhere to people-oriented principle, strengthen subjective ability, improve technological governance, return artificial intelligence to the position of serving human beings, and finally realize the free and all-round development of human beings.