脑卒中的院前急救研究进展

Advances in Pre-Hospital Emergency Care Research for Stroke

摘要: 脑卒中又称脑血管意外或中风，属于急性脑血管病，具有高发病率、高复发率、高致残致死率等特点，其院前急救的时效性与规范性对改善患者预后具有至关重要的作用。因此，优化院前急救流程对该病患者的救治具有重大意义。本文通过系统检索国内外脑卒中院前急救相关文献，从脑卒中早期识别、公众脑卒中知识教育、院前急救系统建设及前沿技术在院前急救中的应用四个方面，对脑卒中院前急救研究进展进行综述，对比分析不同干预措施与技术手段的临床效能，探讨临床推广中的现实瓶颈，旨在探究更优的脑卒中院前急救流程，为临床急救工作提供循证参考依据。

Abstract: Stroke, also known as cerebrovascular accident or apoplexy, is an acute cerebrovascular disease characterized by high morbidity, recurrence rate, disability and mortality. The timeliness and standardization of prehospital emergency care play a crucial role in improving the prognosis of stroke patients. Optimizing the prehospital emergency care process is therefore of great significance for the treatment of these patients. In this study, we systematically retrieved domestic and foreign literatures on prehospital emergency care for stroke from multiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI. We reviewed the research progress of prehospital emergency care for stroke from four aspects: early identification of acute stroke, public education on stroke knowledge, construction of prehospital emergency care system, and application of cutting-edge technologies in prehospital emergency care. We conducted a comparative analysis of the diagnostic efficacy of different screening tools and clinical effects of various technical means, and discussed the practical bottlenecks and health economic implications in their clinical promotion. This review aims to explore an optimized prehospital emergency care process for stroke and provide evidence-based reference for clinical emergency work.