系统化护理干预在断指再植术后患者中的应用研究

Application of Systematic Nursing Intervention in Patients after Amputated Finger Replantation Surgery

摘要: 目的：探讨系统化护理干预在断指再植术后患者中的应用效果，评估其对再植指成活率、血液循环状态、功能恢复、生活质量及护理满意度的影响，为临床护理路径的优化提供循证依据。方法：选取2024年1月至2025年6月新疆医科大学第六附属医院收治的70例断指再植术后患者，按护理方式分为对照组(35例，接受常规护理)与研究组(35例，接受系统化护理干预)。比较两组患者的再植指疗效(优、良、差)、住院时间、指端动脉血流速度、再植指温度、生活质量(GQOLI-74)及护理满意度。结果：两组再植指总优良率分别为97.1% (研究组)和91.4% (对照组)，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)；研究组住院时间显著短于对照组(P < 0.05)。术后6个月，研究组指端动脉血流速度与再植指温度均显著优于对照组(P < 0.001)；研究组躯体功能、心理功能及社会功能评分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.001)；研究组护理总满意度为97.1%，高于对照组的77.1%，但等级分布差异无统计学意义(P = 0.117)。结论：系统化护理干预可有效改善断指再植术后患者的指端血液循环，缩短住院时间，提升远期生活质量，具有良好的临床应用价值，值得在手足显微外科推广。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the application effects of systematic nursing intervention in patients after finger replantation surgery, and to evaluate its impact on replanted finger survival rate, blood circulation status, functional recovery, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction, thereby providing evidence-based support for optimizing clinical nursing pathways. Methods: A total of 70 patients who underwent finger replantation surgery at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2024 to June 2025 were enrolled. They were divided into a control group (n = 35, receiving routine nursing) and a study group (n = 35, receiving systematic nursing intervention). The two groups were compared in terms of replantation efficacy (excellent, good, poor), hospitalization duration, fingertip arterial blood flow velocity, replanted finger temperature, quality of life (assessed by GQOLI-74), and nursing satisfaction. Results: The overall excellent and good rates of replanted finger survival were 97.1% in the study group and 91.4% in the control group, with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The hospitalization duration in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). At 6 months post-surgery, the study group showed significantly better fingertip arterial blood flow velocity and replanted finger temperature compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The scores of physical function, psychological function, and social function in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The total nursing satisfaction rate was 97.1% in the study group versus 77.1% in the control group, but the difference in grade distribution was not statistically significant (P = 0.117). Conclusion: Systematic nursing intervention can effectively improve fingertip blood circulation, shorten hospitalization duration, and enhance long-term quality of life in patients after finger replantation surgery. It has good clinical application value and is worthy of promotion in hand and foot microsurgery.