师范生科研能力的结构特征与专业差异研究 ——基于393份问卷的实证分析

Research on Structural Characteristics and Major Differences in Research Ability of Student Teachers—An Empirical Analysis Based on 393 Questionnaires

摘要: 本研究基于393份有效问卷，运用描述统计与单因素方差分析，探讨师范生科研能力的结构特征与专业差异。结果表明：师范生科研能力整体偏弱，多数学生自评未达合格水平；不同专业之间存在显著差异，其中理科类师范生科研能力相对最强，基础教育类次之，文史类最弱。研究建议从思想认知、课程设置与实践体系等方面系统提升师范生科研能力，为高校培养高水平教师队伍提供参考。

Abstract: Based on 393 valid questionnaires, this study adopts descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA to explore the structural characteristics and major differences in the research competence of student teachers. The results show that the overall research competence of student teachers is relatively weak, and most students rate themselves as below the qualified level. Significant differences exist across majors: science student teachers demonstrate the strongest research competence, followed by those majoring in basic education, while liberal arts student teachers rank the lowest. It is suggested that universities should systematically improve student teachers’ research competence from the perspectives of ideological awareness, curriculum provision and practical systems, so as to provide references for cultivating high-quality teachers in higher education.