B站平台生态下的参与式观看与意义共创研究——以B站《人生一串》为例

Research on Participatory Viewing and Meaning Co-Creation under the Ecosystem of Bilibili—A Case Study of “A String of Life” in Bilibili

摘要: 在Web2.0时代与数字媒介技术交织的背景下，视频平台正重塑纪录片的生产、传播和接受方式。本文以B站现象级美食纪录片《人生一串》为研究对象，聚集其在B站平台下的参与式观看与意义共创机制，结合互动仪式链理论、参与式文化理论及叙事学视角，从平台功能、文本特性与用户实践三者的互动关系出发，系统考察该片的叙事策略创新及其所激发的多层次用户参与行为。研究采用弹幕与评论区文本的量化分析方法，发现《人生一串》在叙事策略上，通过线性与非线性交织的灵活结构、贴近网生群体的语态以及平民化视角，打破传统文本的封闭性，完成叙事权力的下放。在用户端，受众通过即时弹幕狂欢构建虚拟的情感共同体，借助评论区的深度创作实现从观看他人到讲述自我的叙事迁移，并通过跨场景衍生互动拓宽参与的物理边界。三者共同促进文本生产、平台互动与商业衍生相贯通的观看–反馈–共创生态。

Abstract: In the context of the Web 2.0 era intertwined with digital media technology, video platforms are reshaping the production, dissemination, and reception of documentaries. This article takes the phenomenally popular food documentary on Bilibili, “A String of Life” as its research subject, focusing on its participatory viewing and meaning co-creation mechanisms on the Bilibili platform. Combining the theories of interaction ritual chains, participatory culture, and narrative studies, it systematically examines the interaction among platform functions, textual characteristics, and user practices, and explores the documentary’s innovative narrative strategies and the multilayered user participation they stimulate. The study employs a quantitative analysis of bullet comments and comment sections, finding that in terms of narrative strategy, “A String of Life” breaks the traditional textual closure and decentralizes narrative authority through a flexible structure interweaving linear and nonlinear elements, a tone close to internet-native audiences, and a perspective grounded in everyday life. On the user side, audiences build a virtual emotional community through instant bullet comment celebrations, achieve narrative migration from watching others to telling their own stories via in-depth creation in the comment sections, and expand the physical boundaries of participation through cross-scenario derivative interactions. Together, these elements promote a viewing-feedback-co-creation ecosystem connecting text production, platform interaction, and commercial derivatives.