胰腺神经系统对胰岛内分泌的调控机制： 研究现状与展望

Regulatory Mechanisms of the Pancreatic Nervous System on Islet Endocrine Secretion: Current Research and Prospects

摘要: 近年来越来越多的研究表明，胰岛内分泌功能除受体液调节以外，也受到胰腺神经系统的调节。胰腺神经系统按照来源可分为内源性神经系统和外源性神经系统，二者中都含有多种神经递质，可直接对胰岛内分泌产生作用；此外，胰腺神经节系统还可主要通过调节胃肠道激素分泌和影响肝脏代谢状态两条途径来间接调控胰岛细胞。胰腺神经调控通路的异常与1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肥胖相关胰岛素抵抗等代谢性疾病的发生发展密切相关，研究胰腺神经系统对胰岛内分泌的调控机制可助力作用于胰腺神经系统的药物研发。

Abstract: In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that the endocrine function of the pancreas is regulated not only by humoral factors but also by the pancreatic nervous system. The pancreatic nervous system can be classified into intrinsic and extrinsic systems, both of which contain various neurotransmitters that directly influence pancreatic endocrine function. Additionally, the pancreatic ganglion system indirectly regulates pancreatic islet cells primarily through two pathways: modulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion and affecting hepatic metabolic status. Abnormalities in pancreatic neural regulatory pathways are closely associated with the development and progression of metabolic disorders such as type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and obesity-related insulin resistance. Research on the regulatory mechanisms of the pancreatic nervous system on endocrine function can contribute to the development of drugs targeting the pancreatic nervous system.