气滞血瘀型腰椎间盘突出症中医护理技术的 研究进展

Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Techniques for Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Type Lumbar Disc Herniation

摘要: 腰椎间盘突出症(Lumbar Disc Herniation, LDH)是一种常见脊柱退行性疾病，以腰腿痛、下肢麻木、活动受限为主要表现，严重影响生活质量。气滞血瘀型LDH的中医病机为气血不畅、瘀阻经络。近年来，中医护理技术在该证型的康复中作用日益重要。本文从护理学角度，梳理中医护理评估要点，综述艾灸、中药外敷、拔罐、刮痧、穴位按摩、功能锻炼指导等护理技术在气滞血瘀型LDH中的应用现状、操作规范及疗效评价，分析现有的问题，并提出未来研究方向，以期为临床护理实践和研究提供参考。

Abstract: Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) is a common degenerative spinal disease characterized by low back and leg pain, lower limb numbness, and limited mobility, which seriously affects quality of life. The Qi-stagnation and blood-stasis type of LDH involves obstructed Qi and blood flow with meridian stasis. Recently, TCM nursing techniques have become increasingly important in the rehabilitation of this condition. From a nursing perspective, this article reviews key TCM nursing assessment points, and summarizes the application, operational standards, and efficacy of techniques including moxibustion, topical herbal application, cupping, scraping (Gua Sha), acupoint massage, and functional exercise guidance for Qi-stagnation and blood-stasis type LDH. It also identifies current research limitations and suggests future directions to inform clinical practice and further studies.