初中英语写作教学中ChatGPT分层反馈的设计与应用路径

Design and Application of ChatGPT Hierarchical Feedback in Junior High School English Writing Teaching

摘要: 《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》明确提出，初中英语写作教学要落实因材施教，关注学生的个体差异，为不同水平的学生提供适配性的学习支持。当前初中英语写作教学普遍存在教师批改负担重、反馈“一刀切”、学困生跟不上、优等生“吃不饱”的痛点，难以满足新课标对个性化写作教学的要求。生成式人工智能ChatGPT凭借强大的语言理解与生成能力，为分层写作反馈提供了全新的解决方案。本文结合初中英语写作教学的实际需求，构建了基于学生写作水平的ChatGPT三层级分层反馈体系，明确了不同层级反馈的设计逻辑、核心规则与Prompt指令，梳理了该体系在一线教学中的落地应用路径，并提出了应用过程中的注意事项与风险规避策略，为初中英语写作教学的减负提质、个性化落地提供可复制的实践方案。

Abstract: The Compulsory Education English Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition) explicitly stipulates that junior high school English writing instruction should implement the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, pay attention to students’ individual differences, and provide adapted learning support for students at different proficiency levels. At present, junior high school English writing instruction is generally plagued by prominent pain points: the heavy grading workload of teachers, the prevalent one-size-fits-all feedback, underachieving students failing to keep up, and high-achieving students not being sufficiently challenged. With its robust language understanding and generation capabilities, ChatGPT provides a brand-new solution for hierarchical writing feedback. Combined with the practical needs of junior high school English writing instruction, this paper constructs a three-tier ChatGPT-based hierarchical feedback system based on students’ writing proficiency, clarifies the design logic, core rules and Prompt instructions of feedback at different levels, sorts out the practical application pathways, and puts forward precautions and risk avoidance strategies. This study aims to provide a replicable practical framework for alleviating teachers’ workload and implementing personalized instruction.