智慧园艺发展与专业人才培养探究

Inquiry into the Development of Intelligent Horticulture and the Cultivation of Professional Talents

摘要: 智慧园艺依托物联网、大数据、AI等数字技术，融合多学科理论技术，推动传统园艺产业向精准智能高效绿色转型，是现代农业高质量发展的重要支撑。在新农科建设与智慧农业发展背景下，园艺人才需求结构巨变，传统园艺专业培养体系已难以适配产业数字化需求，专业升级与模式改革刻不容缓。本文梳理近十年国内相关研究，总结智慧园艺技术体系、产业特征、研究前沿及人才培养困境，从培养目标、课程体系、实践教学、师资建设、产教融合、评价机制等方面归纳改革路径与成果，剖析现存短板，并展望未来发展方向，为农林院校园艺专业转型、复合型人才培养及产业智能化升级提供理论与实践参考。

Abstract: Smart horticulture, underpinned by digital technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and AI, integrates multidisciplinary theories and techniques to drive the transformation of the traditional horticultural industry toward precision, intelligence, efficiency, and sustainability, serving as a key pillar for the high-quality development of modern agriculture. Against the backdrop of new agricultural discipline construction and smart agriculture development, the demand structure for horticultural talents has undergone dramatic changes. The conventional horticulture training system can no longer meet the needs of industrial digitalization, making major upgrading and model reform a matter of urgency. This paper reviews relevant domestic research over the past decade, summarizing the technological system, industrial characteristics, research frontiers, and talent cultivation challenges of smart horticulture. It synthesizes reform pathways and outcomes from the perspectives of training objectives, curriculum systems, practical teaching, faculty development, industry-education integration, and evaluation mechanisms, analyzes existing shortcomings, and envisions future development directions, aiming to provide theoretical and practical references for the transformation of horticulture programs in agricultural and forestry universities, the cultivation of interdisciplinary talents, and the intelligent upgrading of the industry.