高速公路改扩建作业区夜间轮廓标布设研究

Study on Nighttime Delineator Layout in Highway Reconstruction and Expansion Work Area

摘要: 针对高速公路改扩建作业区夜间轮廓标视线诱导效果不均衡的问题，本文以沈海国家高速公路(G15)开阳段“四改八”改扩建工程为依托，建立了基于Lucidshape的夜间近光灯照度仿真模型，系统分析了半幅双向四车道保通条件下行车道与超车道两侧的照度分布特征。研究发现，受近光灯截止线不对称光形影响，右/左照度比随纵向距离增大而显著增大，行车道96 m处达13.85，超车道达24.71。基于逆反射系数理论、双线性插值计算及面积比参数敏感性分析，提出了差异化布设方案：左侧采用V类黄色反光膜(面积比1.6)，右侧采用IV类白色反光膜(间距8 m)。仿真验证表明，改善后行车道最大亮度比由13.85降至4.08 (降幅70.5%)，超车道由24.71降至8.03 (降幅67.5%)。工程经济性评价表明，方案效益成本比BCR = 4.58，具有显著的经济可行性。

Abstract: Nighttime traffic safety in highway reconstruction and expansion work zones is critically compromised by inadequate delineation. Due to the asymmetrical light pattern of the low beam cutoff line, this study focuses on the typical scenario of half-road two-way four-lane traffic maintenance during the “four-to-eight” lane expansion of the Shenhai National Expressway (G15) Kaiyang section. A nighttime low-beam headlight illumination simulation model was established using Lucidshape optical software. Results show that the right-to-left illuminance ratio increases significantly with longitudinal distance, reaching 13.85 at 96 m for the driving lane and 24.71 for the overtaking lane. Based on retroreflection coefficient theory, bilinear interpolation calculation, and area ratio parameter sensitivity analysis, a differentiated delineator layout scheme is proposed: Class V yellow retroreflective sheeting with an area ratio of 1.6 on the left side, and Class IV white retroreflective sheeting at 8 m intervals on the right side. Simulation results show that the maximum luminance ratio of the driving lane decreased from 13.85 to 4.08 (a reduction of 70.5%), and that of the overtaking lane decreased from 24.71 to 8.03 (a reduction of 67.5%). Economic evaluation indicates that the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of the proposed solution is 4.58, demonstrating significant economic feasibility.