新质生产力视域下职业院校机械类专业数智化转型路径研究

Research on the Path of Digital-Intelligent Transformation of Mechanical Engineering Majors in Vocational Colleges from Perspective of New Quality Productive Forces

摘要: 在新质生产力驱动制造业转型升级的背景下，职业院校机械类专业数智化转型是培育高技能人才、支撑制造强国的关键路径。本文通过文献分析、调查研究等方法，系统探究了当前职业院校机械类专业数智化转型过程中存在的专业课程设置与产业需求脱节、教学模式单一、实训平台陈旧落后、师资数智素养欠缺、产教融合深度不够等问题，而且转型路径单一，转型效果不佳。为此，本文基于新质生产力理论指导，提出一套适用于职业院校机械类专业且操作性强的六维协同转型路径模型，包括专业动态优化、课程体系重构、教学模式创新、实训平台升级、师资能力提升及产科教融合深化六个维度。初步实践表明，该六维协同转型路径模型能够有力推动机械类专业向智能化、绿色化、服务化方向演进，为职业院校同类专业的数智化转型提供可复制的理论指导；同时，在提升机械专业人才培养质量、促进区域装备制造业改造升级方面也具有显著的成效。

Abstract: In the context of new quality productive forces driving the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing, the digital and intelligent transformation of mechanical engineering majors in vocational colleges serves as a critical pathway for cultivating high-skilled talents and supporting a manufacturing powerhouse. Through literature analysis, surveys, and other methodologies, this paper systematically investigates existing challenges in the digital and intelligent transformation of mechanical engineering majors in vocational colleges, including: the disconnect between curriculum design and industrial demands, monotonous teaching methods, outdated practical training platforms, insufficient digital-intelligent competency among faculty, and insufficient depth in industry-education integration. Additionally, transformation pathways are found to be overly homogeneous with suboptimal outcomes. To address these issues, guided by the theoretical framework of new quality productive forces, this paper proposes an actionable six-dimensional collaborative transformation model tailored for mechanical majors in vocational colleges. The model encompasses six key dimensions: dynamic optimization of majors, curriculum system reconstruction, innovative teaching methods, upgrading of practical training platforms, enhancement of faculty capabilities, and deepened industry-education-research integration. Initial implementation demonstrates that this six-dimensional model effectively propels mechanical majors toward intelligent, green, and service-oriented development. It provides replicable theoretical guidance for the digital-intelligent transformation of similar majors in vocational colleges, while yielding remarkable results in elevating talent cultivation quality and driving regional equipment manufacturing industry upgrades.