利益相关者理论视角下托幼一体化发展困局与突破路径

Dilemmas and Breakthrough Paths in the Integration of Care and Education from the Perspective of Stakeholder Theory

摘要: 托幼一体化已成为国家人口发展战略的重要组成部分。基于利益相关者理论视角，剖析多方核心利益相关主体的诉求差异与博弈逻辑，托幼一体化发展过程中面临政府职能定位模糊、幼儿园办托动力不足、教师角色适应困难及家长信任缺失等现实困境。需超越单一的行政推动模式，转向利益相关者协同治理，通过权责共担、利益共享、资源共筹与文化共契，实现从“量的扩充”转向“质的融合”，构建具有中国特色的托幼一体化服务体系。

Abstract: The integration of care and education (Tuo-You Integration) has become a crucial component of China’s national population development strategy. From the perspective of stakeholder theory, this paper analyzes the divergent demands and game logic among multiple core stakeholders. It identifies realistic dilemmas in the development process, including ambiguous government functional positioning, insufficient motivation for kindergartens to operate nurseries, difficulties in teachers’ role adaptation, and a lack of parental trust. To address these issues, it is necessary to transcend the single model of administrative promotion and shift towards collaborative governance among stakeholders. By sharing responsibilities, benefits, resources, and cultural values, the system can transition from “quantitative expansion” to “qualitative integration”, ultimately constructing a care and education integration service system with Chinese characteristics.