循证视角下神经外科危重症患者足下垂预防方案构建及临床应用研究

Construction and Clinical Application of a Foot Drop Prevention Protocol for Neurosurgical Critical Care Patients from an Evidence-Based Perspective

摘要: 目的：构建循证视角下神经外科危重症患者足下垂的预防方案，为临床护理中防控足下垂的发生提供理论依据。方法：以循证医学理论为基础，参照专家意见筛选适合脑卒中患者足下垂预防的循证实践方案。采用便利抽样法选取2025年6月~2025年12月就诊于市三甲医院神经外科的98例危重症住院患者，选取2025年6月至2025年8月就诊的49例患者作为研究组，实施前期构建的神经外科危重症患者足下垂循证康复方案；将2025年9月至2025年12月就诊的49例患者作为对照组，实施常规护理干预，比较两组患者的足下垂发生情况。结果：研究组足下垂发生率为4.08% (2/49)，对照组足下垂发生率为16.33% (8/49)，两组对比存在统计学意义(χ² = 4.009, P = 0.045)。结论：循证视角下神经外科危重症患者足下垂方案应用效果良好，可显著降低患者足下垂的发生情况。

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to develop a preventive protocol for foot drop in neurosurgical critical care patients from an evidence-based perspective, providing a theoretical foundation for clinical nursing interventions to prevent foot drop. Methods: Based on evidence-based medicine theory and expert opinions, evidence-based practice protocols suitable for foot drop prevention in stroke patients were selected. A convenience sampling method was used to enroll 98 critically ill hospitalized patients in neurosurgery at a tertiary hospital from June to December 2025. Among them, 49 patients admitted from June to August 2025 formed the study group and received the previously developed evidence-based rehabilitation protocol for foot drop prevention in neurosurgical critical care patients. Another 49 patients admitted from September to December 2025 served as the control group and received routine nursing interventions. The incidence of foot drop between the two groups was compared. Results: The foot drop incidence rate was 4.08% (2/49) in the study group and 16.33% (8/49) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ² = 4.009, P = 0.045). Conclusion: The evidence-based protocol for foot drop prevention in neurosurgical critical care patients demonstrates good efficacy, significantly reducing the incidence of foot drop.