手术机器人的临床应用进展
Progress in Clinical Application of Surgical Robot
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1652019, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 练 达*, 崔 欣, 孟子钰, 侯代鑫, 刘鲲鹏, 姜 昊:佳木斯大学临床医学院,黑龙江 佳木斯;赵雨轩:佳木斯大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江 佳木斯;谢鹏宇#:佳木斯大学基础医学院,黑龙江 佳木斯
关键词: 手术机器人微创手术机器人辅助手术临床应用腹腔镜Surgical Robot Minimally Invasive Surgery Robot-Assisted Procedures Clinical Application Laparoscopic
摘要: 手术机器人(surgical robot)凭借精准化、微创化、智能化核心优势,已成为推动外科诊疗转型升级的关键技术,在泌尿外科、骨科、普外科、妇科、胸外科、神经外科等多专科广泛应用。本文综述了手术机器人的发展历程、主流类型与核心技术特点,全面梳理其在各临床专科的应用现状与优势,阐述远程手术的应用价值与技术支撑,分析当前核心技术垄断、成本高昂、规范化体系不完善等瓶颈挑战,并对智能化升级、国产突破、应用拓展、标准建立等未来方向进行展望,旨在为手术机器人的临床应用与发展方向提供全面参考。
Abstract: Surgical robots, characterized by core strengths in precision, minimal invasiveness, and intelligence, have emerged as a pivotal technology driving the transformation and upgrading of surgical diagnosis and treatment. They are extensively applied across numerous clinical specialties, including urology, orthopedics, general surgery, gynecology, thoracic surgery, and neurosurgery. This article reviews the developmental history, mainstream categories, and core technical features of surgical robots, comprehensively summarizes their current application status and clinical advantages in various disciplines, elaborates the application value and technical underpinnings of remote surgery, analyzes the prevailing bottlenecks and challenges such as core technology monopoly, high costs, and inadequate standardization systems, and prospects future directions including intelligent upgrading, domestic innovation, expanded application, and standardization establishment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive reference for the clinical application and developmental trends of surgical robots.
文章引用:练达, 崔欣, 赵雨轩, 孟子钰, 侯代鑫, 刘鲲鹏, 姜昊, 谢鹏宇. 手术机器人的临床应用进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(5): 2116-2126. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1652019

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