植物多糖对史氏鲟精子超低温冷冻保存的影响
The Effect of Plant Polysaccharides on Cryopreservation of Acipenser schrenckii Sperm
DOI: 10.12677/ije.2026.152035, PDF,   
作者: 于麦茹, 别世凯*, 刘曼红*：东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨；白雅溶：黑龙江省林业技术服务中心，黑龙江 哈尔滨
关键词: 史氏鲟；精子；超低温冷冻；黄芪多糖；人参多糖；氧化损伤；Acipenser schrenckii； Sperm； Cryopreservation； Astragalus Polysaccharide； Ginseng Polysaccharide； Antioxidation
摘要: 为优化史氏鲟精子超低温冻存方案，缓解冻存过程中的氧化损伤，本研究以史氏鲟精子为研究对象，在冻存稀释液中添加不同浓度黄芪多糖(0.1~0.5 g/L)和人参多糖(0.1~0.5 g/L)，检测冻存7 d、30 d后精子活力、能量代谢指标(ATP含量、SDH活性、LDH活性)及抗氧化指标(MDA含量、T-AOC水平、SOD活性)，探究两种植物多糖的保护效果及最优浓度。结果表明，超低温冻存后，对照组精子活力显著下降(P < 0.05)，能量代谢紊乱，氧化损伤加剧；两种植物多糖均能呈浓度依赖性缓解上述损伤，其中黄芪多糖最优保护浓度为0.3 g/L，人参多糖最优保护浓度为0.2 g/L，且相同浓度下人参多糖保护效果显著优于黄芪多糖。最优浓度组可显著提升冻存精子活力，改善能量代谢，抑制脂质过氧化反应，增强抗氧化能力，延缓冻存损伤累积。本研究为史氏鲟精子超低温冻存液优化及珍稀鲟类种质资源保护提供理论支撑与实践参考。
Abstract: To optimize the ultra-low temperature cryopreservation protocol for Acipenser schrenckii sperm and alleviate oxidative damage during cryopreservation, this study took Acipenser schrenckii sperm as the research object. Different concentrations of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS, 0.1~0.5 g/L) and ginseng polysaccharides (GPS, 0.1~0.5 g/L) were added to the cryopreservation diluent. The sperm motility, energy metabolism indicators (ATP content, SDH activity, LDH activity) and antioxidant indicators (MDA content, T-AOC level, SOD activity) were detected after cryopreservation for 7 d and 30 d to explore the protective effects and optimal concentrations of the two plant polysaccharides. The results showed that after ultra-low temperature cryopreservation, the sperm motility of the control group decreased significantly (P < 0.05), energy metabolism was disturbed, and oxidative damage was aggravated. Both plant polysaccharides could alleviate the above damages in a concentration-dependent manner. The optimal protective concentration of APS was 0.3 g/L, and that of GPS was 0.2 g/L. Moreover, the protective effect of GPS was significantly better than that of APS at the same concentration. The optimal concentration groups could significantly improve the motility of cryopreserved sperm, ameliorate energy metabolism, inhibit lipid peroxidation, enhance antioxidant capacity, and delay the accumulation of cryopreservation damage. This study provides theoretical support and practical reference for optimizing the ultra-low temperature cryopreservation diluent of Acipenser schrenckii sperm and protecting the germplasm resources of rare sturgeon species.
文章引用：于麦茹, 别世凯, 刘曼红, 白雅溶. 植物多糖对史氏鲟精子超低温冷冻保存的影响[J]. 世界生态学, 2026, 15(2): 318-331. https://doi.org/10.12677/ije.2026.152035

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