基于fsQCA的天津港港口物流效率影响因素与优化路径研究

Research on Influencing Factors and Optimization Paths of Tianjin Port Logistics Efficiency Based on fsQCA

摘要: 随着我国提出“建设交通强国”以及京津冀协同发展等战略目标，在此形势下，如何提升港口综合效率成为影响港口竞争力的关键因素之一。文章以天津港为例，在组态视域下采用fsQCA方法探索提高港口综合效率的途径。研究发现，单一要素均不构成效率提升的必要条件，高效路径呈现多元组态特征，主要包括净利润支撑、腹地经济驱动及多要素协同驱动等类型，其中多要素协同驱动对天津港适配性最强；非高效路径普遍存在净利润偏低、研发投入不足等共性问题。天津港纯技术效率优势突出，但规模效率不足、区域协同与腹地支撑能力有待加强。据此，本文从运营提质、科技赋能、腹地协同、资源优化与区域联动五个方面提出提升路径，为天津港建设世界一流智慧枢纽港提供决策参考。

Abstract: Against the strategic background of building a leading transportation country and the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, improving the comprehensive efficiency of ports has become critical to enhancing port competitiveness. Taking Tianjin Port as an example, this study uses the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method from a configurational perspective to explore the paths for improving port comprehensive efficiency. The results show that no single factor constitutes a necessary condition for efficiency improvement. High-efficiency paths exhibit multiple configurational characteristics, mainly including net profit support, hinterland economy-driven, and multi-factor synergistic driving types, among which multi-factor synergy has the strongest adaptability to Tianjin Port. Non-high-efficiency paths generally share common problems such as low net profit and insufficient R&D investment. Tianjin Port has outstanding pure technical efficiency advantages, but it is insufficient in scale efficiency, regional coordination, and hinterland support. Accordingly, this paper proposes improvement paths from five aspects: operation quality improvement, technology empowerment, hinterland coordination, resource optimization, and regional linkage, providing decision-making references for Tianjin Port to build a world-class intelligent hub port.