农村留守老人“数字孤独”问题及社交重构路径研究

Research on the “Digital Loneliness” of Rural Left-Behind Elderly and the Path of Social Reconstruction

摘要: 在城镇化加速推进与人口老龄化深度叠加的背景下，农村青壮年劳动力大量向城市迁移，形成了规模庞大的农村留守老人群体。随着数字技术的普及，数字空间已成为社会交往的重要场域，但农村留守老人因数字接入不足、数字素养薄弱、数字产品适配性差等多重因素，被排除在数字社交之外，陷入“数字孤独”困境，这不仅损害其身心健康，也制约了乡村振兴战略的落地实施。本文采用文献研究与案例分析法，系统分析农村留守老人“数字孤独”的表现形式与生成机理，结合农村实际场景，从个体赋能、家庭支撑、社区联动、社会协同四个维度，提出针对性的社交重构路径，助力农村留守老人跨越数字鸿沟，缓解孤独感，实现有尊严、有温度的晚年生活。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of accelerated urbanization and deepening population aging, a large number of young and middle-aged rural laborers have migrated to cities, resulting in a huge group of rural left-behind elderly people. With the widespread popularization of digital technology, digital space has become an important field of social communication. However, restricted by inadequate digital access conditions, low digital literacy and the poor age-adaptability of digital products, rural left-behind elderly people are marginalized from digital social activities and trapped in the dilemma of “digital loneliness”. This phenomenon not only endangers their physical and mental health, but also impedes the advancement of the rural revitalization strategy. Adopting the methods of literature review, questionnaire survey and case analysis, this paper systematically explores the manifestations and formation mechanisms of digital loneliness among rural left-behind elderly. Combined with the actual situation in rural areas, it puts forward targeted social reconstruction paths from four dimensions: individual empowerment, family support, community collaboration and social coordination, aiming to help rural left-behind elderly bridge the digital divide, relieve their loneliness, and spend their old age with dignity and warmth.