数字时代人的主体性研究

A Study on Human Subjectivity under the Background of Digitalization

摘要: 数字时代，数字资本通过算法操控和智能产品对数字劳动者进行剥削，使数字劳动者的主体性陷入困境。马克思的异化理论为解释这一困境提供了科学依据。而这一困境主要表现为，数字资本将劳动剥削延伸至虚拟空间，模糊工作与生活的边界，使数字劳动者陷入“数字依赖”。虚拟交往与数字劳动则加深了这种依赖。可见，这一异化现象是资本主义生产关系在数字时代的隐性延续。未来，需要摆脱数字依赖、加强现实交往、加强数字资本治理，从而实现人的本质真正复归。

Abstract: In the digital era, digital capital exploits digital laborers through algorithmic manipulation and intelligent products, plunging the subjectivity of digital laborers into an existential dilemma. Marx’s alienation theory provides a solid scientific foundation for interpreting such a predicament. Specifically, this dilemma is mainly manifested in the fact that digital capital extends labor exploitation into the virtual space, blurring the boundary between work and daily life and trapping digital laborers in persistent digital dependence. Moreover, virtual communication and digital labor further intensify such dependence. Accordingly, this alienation phenomenon essentially represents the implicit continuation of capitalist production relations in the digital age. To address these issues, it is imperative to break away from digital dependence, promote real-world interpersonal communication, and strengthen the governance of digital capital, so as to realize the genuine return of human essence.