论海德格尔如何从康德存在论题中彰显此在之存在的必要性——基于《现象学之基本问题》文本解读

On How Heidegger Reveals the Necessity of Dasein’s Being from Kant’s Thesis on Being—An Interpretation Based on The Basic Problems of Phenomenology

摘要: 海德格尔在《现象学之基本问题》中，对康德“存在不是实在的谓词”这一存在论题进行了现象学的批判，指出其未澄清之处，进而通过对知觉结构及其意向建制进行生存论改造，引出此在之存在。对康德存在论题的考察进一步指出了传统形而上学的错误，引出了此在存在论之必要性，是通向海德格尔基础存在论的关键路径。

Abstract: In The Basic Problems of Phenomenology, Martin Heidegger conducted a phenomenological critique of Kant’s ontological thesis that “existence is not a predicate of reality,” pointing out its unclarified aspects. Through an existential transformation of the perceptual structure and its intentional constitution, he further elucidated the existence of Dasein. The examination of Kant’s ontological thesis further revealed the errors of traditional metaphysics and underscored the necessity of the ontology of Dasein, marking a crucial path towards Heidegger’s basic ontology.