人工智能司法应用的现实困境与治理路径研究

Research on the Realistic Challenges and Governance Paths of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Applications

摘要: 人工智能在司法领域广泛应用促进“智慧司法”建设取得重大进展，但是也带来算法黑箱、数据偏见、隐私安全以及伦理失范等问题，在一定程度上造成了司法公正和技术赋能之间的紧张关系。本文基于我国司法信息化发展的背景出发，采用“技术–制度–价值”的三位一体视角，总结我国人工智能司法应用情况、相关法律规定及代表性案例，借鉴美国、欧盟、韩国等国家和地区经验基础上，对算法公开度、制度契合度、价值取向等问题进行探讨。本研究试图寻求符合司法规律的人工智能运行逻辑，以期对智能化法律适用进行规范化指导并给出可行的操作方式，服务于我国社会主义现代化建设和世界范围内的司法智能化治理体系建设。

Abstract: The wide application of artificial intelligence in the judicial field has facilitated significant progress in the construction of “smart justice”, but it has also brought about issues such as algorithmic black boxes, data bias, privacy security, and ethical deviations, which to some extent have caused a tense relationship between judicial justice and technological empowerment. Based on the background of the development of judicial informatization in China, this paper adopts a trinity perspective of “technology-system-value”, summarizes the application of artificial intelligence in the judicial field in China, relevant legal provisions, and representative cases. Drawing on the experiences of countries and regions such as the United States, the European Union, and South Korea, it discusses issues such as algorithm transparency, system compatibility, and value orientation. This research attempts to seek the operational logic of artificial intelligence that conforms to judicial laws, in order to provide standardized guidance for intelligent legal application and feasible operational methods, and serve the construction of socialist modernization in China and the global judicial intelligent governance system.