胡塞尔的生活世界理论探究

Exploration of Husserl’s Theory of the Life World

摘要: 本文旨在梳理胡塞尔生活世界理论的相信基础、主要内容与其理论对后世的影响。首先分析了该理论提出的两个思想前提，即欧洲理性精神以及先验现象学面临的困境。其次，阐释了胡塞尔生活世界前科学的经验世界与先验基础的双重内涵。另外，论述胡塞尔生活世界的三大特征，回赛尔的生活世界具有原初自明性、主观性、非课题性的特征，及其与科学世界的奠基关系。最后，探讨该理论对海德格尔现象学与哈贝马斯社会哲学的深远影响，揭示了其西方哲学发展中的重要地位。

Abstract: This article aims to summarize the epistemological basis of Husserl’s lifeworld theory, its main content, and its influence on later generations. It first analyzes the two intellectual premises proposed by this theory, namely the European rational spirit and the difficulties faced by transcendental phenomenology. Secondly, it explains the dual connotation of Husserl’s pre-scientific experiential world and its transcendental foundation. In addition, it discusses the three main characteristics of Husserl’s lifeworld, stating that the lifeworld, according to Husserl, possesses the features of original self-evidence, subjectivity, and non-objectification, as well as its foundational relationship with the scientific world. Finally, it explores the profound influence of this theory on Heideggerian phenomenology and Habermasian social philosophy, revealing its important position in the development of Western philosophy.