基于有限元分析的摩梭木楞房抗震加固方案研究

Research on Seismic Reinforcement Schemes of Mosuo Wooden Houses Based on Finite Element Analysis

摘要: 采用ABAQUS数值模拟的方法，系统开展多工况下不同加固方案的抗震性能研究，通过实地调研明确摩梭民居的构造特征与抗震薄弱环节，基于ABAQUS建立3组对比模型，分别是原始抗震模型、柱底增设隔震支座加固模型、梁柱节点包钢加固模型。对地震动下的层间位移、屋顶加速度及应力进行时程分析。原始抗震模型在强震作用下层间位移角与屋顶加速度急剧增大，存在严重破坏风险。隔震支座加固通过延长结构自振周期、隔离地震能量输入，整体应力水平显著降低，有效保护了上部木结构。包钢加固通过提高构件刚度与节点约束，可使层间位移降低，屋顶加速度降低，有效抑制了木构件本体的应力发展。该研究成果为摩梭木楞房的抗震加固及传统木结构建筑的保护提供了理论依据与技术支撑。

Abstract: This study conducts a systematic investigation on the seismic performance of various reinforcement schemes under multiple working conditions using ABAQUS numerical simulation. Through field investigation, the structural characteristics and seismic weaknesses of Mosuo dwellings are identified. Three comparative models are established based on ABAQUS, namely the original seismic model, the model with isolation bearings at column bases, and the model with steel-jacketing at beam-column joints. Time-history analysis is performed on inter-story displacement, roof acceleration and stress under ground motions. For the original seismic model, the inter-story drift ratio and roof acceleration increase sharply under strong earthquakes, indicating a severe risk of structural damage. By extending the natural vibration period and isolating seismic energy input, base isolation significantly reduces the overall stress level and effectively protects the upper timber structure. Steel-jacketing improves member stiffness and joint constraints, which reduces inter-story displacement and roof acceleration, and restrains the stress development in timber components. The results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for seismic reinforcement of Mosuo wooden houses and protection of traditional timber structures.