柔性撞击下RC柱动态剪切响应的有限元分析
Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Shear Response of RC Columns under Soft Impact
DOI: 10.12677/hjce.2026.155140, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 陶 贞, 谢献忠：湖南科技大学土木工程学院，湖南 湘潭；冯非凡*：湖南科技大学土木工程学院，湖南 湘潭；湖南科大工程检测有限公司，湖南 湘潭
关键词: 柔性撞击；钢筋混凝土柱；冲击体刚度；动态响应；有限元分析；Soft Impact； RC Column； Impactor Stiffness； Dynamic Response； Finite Element Analysis
摘要: 本文采用三维有限元分析方法，对柔性撞击下钢筋混凝土柱的动态剪切响应以及损伤破坏模式进行了研究。通过建立柔性撞击下钢筋混凝土柱的精细化有限元模型，研究了冲击体刚度以及冲击速度两个关键参数对钢筋混凝土柱动态剪切响应和损伤机理的影响规律。结果表明：冲击体刚度将显著影响钢筋混凝土柱的动态响应以及损伤模式，在撞击过程中柔性冲击体通过自身变形消耗了部分初始动能，因此减小了钢筋混凝土柱在局部响应阶段发生冲切破坏以及整体响应阶段发生剪切破坏的概率；当冲击体刚度保持不变时，冲击速度的提高将加剧钢筋混凝土柱的损伤；在高速撞击作用下，存在使得钢筋混凝土柱的破坏模式从冲切破坏转变为剪切破坏的临界刚度，并且对应破坏模式转变的临界刚度随着冲击速度的提高而降低。
Abstract: The dynamic shear response and damage failure mode of reinforced concrete (RC) columns under soft impact are investigated through three-dimensional finite element analysis method in this study. By establishing a refined finite element model of RC columns under soft impact, the influence laws of two key parameters, namely the stiffness of the impactor and the impact velocity, on the dynamic shear response and damage mechanism of RC columns are studied. The results show that the stiffness of the impactor significantly affects the dynamic response and damage mode of RC columns. During the impact process, the soft impactor consumes part of the initial kinetic energy through its own deformation, thereby reducing the probability of punching shear failure in local response stage and the shear failure in overall response stage of RC columns. When the stiffness of the impactor remains unchanged, the increase in impact velocity will exacerbate the damage of RC columns. Under high-speed impact, there exists a critical stiffness that causes the failure mode of RC columns to change from shear failure to punching shear failure, and the corresponding critical stiffness decreases with the increase of impact velocity.
文章引用：陶贞, 谢献忠, 冯非凡. 柔性撞击下RC柱动态剪切响应的有限元分析[J]. 土木工程, 2026, 15(5): 296-308. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2026.155140

参考文献

[1] Feng, F.F., Chen, L., Zhou, D.J., et al. (2025) Two-Stage Dynamic Shear Response of Square RC Columns under Lateral Impact: Mechanisms, Inertial Force Analysis, and Punching Shear Resistance Model. Engineering Structures, 338, Article 120579. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[2] Do, T.V., Pham, T.M. and Hao, H. (2019) Impact Force Profile and Failure Classification of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns against Vehicle Impact. Engineering Structures, 183, 443-458. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[3] Zhao, W.H. and Qian, J. (2020) Resistance Mechanism and Reliability Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Lateral Impact. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 136, Article 103413. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[4] 李文博, 杜永峰, 朱翔. 钢骨混凝土柱侧向冲击后剩余承载力研究[J]. 建筑结构, 2025, 55(2): 73-83.
[5] Luan, H., Wu, J., Cao, T., Zhao, X., Geng, F. and Dong, G. (2023) Axial Compression Performance of Reinforced Concrete Columns after Lateral Impact Load. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 27, 3528-3541. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[6] 查丽娟, 马智永, 代庆斌. 冲击载荷作用下钢筋混凝土结构动力响应仿真及损伤机理[J]. 混凝土, 2021(3): 59-61+70.
[7] Sohel, K.M.A., Al-Jabri, K. and Al Abri, A.H.S. (2020) Behavior and Design of Reinforced Concrete Building Columns Subjected to Low-Velocity Car Impact. Structures, 26, 601-616. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[8] Ye, J., Cai, J., Chen, Q., Liu, X., Tang, X. and Zuo, Z. (2020) Experimental Investigation of Slender RC Columns under Horizontal Static and Impact Loads. Structures, 24, 499-513. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] Zhou, C., Wang, W., Zheng, Y., Liu, X., Cao, H. and Hui, Y. (2023) Dynamic Behavior of RC Columns Confined with CFRP Grid-Reinforced ECC Subjected to Lateral Low-Velocity Impact. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 172, Article 104402. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[10] Xie, Z.Y. (2020) Numerical Simulations of Metallic Foam Safeguarded RC Square Columns under Lateral Soft Impact. Archives of Civil Engineering, 66, 3-17. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] Liu, T., Chen, L., Xu, J.J., et al. (2022) Vehicle Collision with Reinforced Concrete Columns Wrapped with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites. ACI Structural Journal, 119, 165-179.
[12] 张于晔, 潘睿阳, 蒋冬启. 车辆撞击作用下泡沫铝防撞桥墩的动态响应特性[J]. 振动工程学报, 2021, 34(1): 89-98.
[13] Vepsä, A., Darraba, A., Fedoroff, A., et al. (2022) Bending Damage of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Subjected to Soft Missile Impact, Part I: Recent Tests on Influence of Inclined Impact. 2022 26th International Conference of Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology, Berlin, 10-15 July 2022, 1-10.
[14] Zhao, W.C. and Ye, J.H. (2022) Dynamic Behavior and Damage Assessment of RC Columns Subjected to Lateral Soft Impact. Engineering Structures, 251, Article 113476. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[15] 赵武超, 钱江, 李江远. 柔性冲击下钢筋混凝土柱的动态响应[J]. 兵工学报, 2021, 42(S1): 117-126.
[16] Zhong, Z., Fan, W., Wu, Q., Huang, X. and Chen, B. (2024) Damage Quantification Based on Drift Ratios and Axial Capacity Degradation for RC Columns under Low-Velocity Impact Loads. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 194, Article 105078. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[17] 陈林, 曾玉烨, 颜泽峰, 等. 车辆撞击下钢筋混凝土桥墩的动力响应及损伤特征[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(13): 261-267+273.
[18] 赵武超, 钱江. 侧向冲击荷载下钢筋混凝土墩柱的性能[J]. 工程科学学报, 2019, 41(3): 408-415.
[19] 潘政华, 邹晓伟, 张媛媛. 基于车辆撞击下框架结构动力响应的探究[J]. 建材发展导向(上), 2025, 23(21): 115-117.
[20] Chen, L., Zhou, D.J., Feng, F.F., Liu, T. and Wu, C. (2024) Shear Damage Behavior of RC Columns with Small Shear-to-Span Ratios under Lateral Impact and Static Load. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 37, 211-221 (in Chinese)
[21] 陈林, 周戴江, 李乐平, 等. 小剪跨比RC柱及钢管增强RC柱多次冲击的响应行为[J]. 防灾减灾工程学报, 2023, 43(3): 463-473.

为你推荐