数字时代叙事心理学的发展研究述评：基于社会互动视角

A Review of the Development of Narrative Psychology in the Digital Age: A Social Interaction Perspective

摘要: 叙事心理学认为，个体通过建构生活故事对经验进行组织与解释，并在此过程中形成相对连贯的自我认同。随着数字技术的发展，个体叙事逐渐嵌入以社交媒体为代表的开放互动环境，其表达方式及社会反馈结构均发生了显著变化，这为重新审视叙事与身份建构之间的关系提供了新的研究情境。基于此，本文在系统梳理叙事心理学理论的基础上，从社会互动视角出发，对叙事影响身份建构的关键机制进行分析，并进一步探讨这些机制在数字情境中的表现特征。具体而言，本文围绕社会反馈、社会比较与角色建构三个方面，分析数字环境中互动方式的变化如何作用于叙事过程及其心理功能。综合既有研究可以发现，数字情境下的叙事更深度嵌入社会互动之中，其对自我一致性与身份整合的影响呈现出更为动态且情境依赖的特征。本文有助于深化对叙事社会属性的理解，并为后续实证研究与心理健康教育实践提供理论参考。

Abstract: Narrative psychology posits that individuals organize and interpret their experiences through the construction of life stories, thereby developing a relatively coherent sense of identity. With the rapid advancement of digital technologies, personal narratives have become increasingly embedded in open and interactive environments, particularly those shaped by social media. In these contexts, both modes of narrative expression and the structure of social feedback have undergone substantial transformations, providing a novel setting for re-examining the relationship between narrative processes and identity construction. Building upon a systematic review of narrative psychology, the present study adopts a social interaction perspective to analyze the key mechanisms through which narratives contribute to identity formation, and further explores how these mechanisms manifest in digital contexts. Specifically, the analysis focuses on three interrelated processes—social feedback, social comparison, and role construction and examines how changes in interaction patterns within digital environments shape narrative processes and their psychological functions. A synthesis of existing literature suggests that narratives in digital contexts are more deeply embedded in ongoing social interactions, and their influence on self-consistency and identity integration tends to exhibit more dynamic and context-dependent characteristics. This review contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the social nature of narrative processes and provides a theoretical foundation for future empirical research as well as implications for psychological education and intervention in the digital age.