文化图式视角下《天堂蒜薹之歌》中的民俗英译研究

A Study of Folklore Translation in The Garlic Ballads from the Perspective of Cultural Schema Theory

摘要: 民俗文化是莫言文学世界的“文化之根”，但由于文化差异，其翻译往往面临巨大的认知挑战。本研究以文化图式理论为框架，分析了葛浩文对《天堂蒜薹之歌》的翻译。通过将275个民俗元素归纳为三种：图式重叠、图式冲突和图式缺失，本文探讨了译者作为“翻译中介”的角色。研究发现，在翻译方法的选择上，葛浩文在直译与意译之间进行动态调整，并采用音译、音译加注的方法以弥补不同文化之间的民俗认知差距，在追求小说可读性和读者接受度中不断寻求平衡。

Abstract: Folklore is the cultural root of Mo Yan’s literary world, yet its translation often faces immense cognitive challenges due to cultural disparities. Using Cultural Schema Theory as a framework, this study analyses Howard Goldblatt’s translation of folklore elements in The Garlic Ballads. By categorizing 275 folklore elements into three types of cultural schema overlap, cultural schema conflict, and cultural schema default, this research explores the translator's role as a translation mediator. The research findings reveal that Goldblatt dynamically adjusts his translation methods between literal and free translation. He also employs transliteration and transliteration with annotation to bridge the cognitive gaps in folklore across different folklore cultures. Throughout this process, he continuously seeks a balance between maintaining the novel’s readability and ensuring reader acceptability.