浅谈针灸治疗腰三横突综合征的临床研究进展

A Brief Discussion on the Clinical Research Progress of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in the Treatment of Third Lumbar Transverse Process Syndrome

摘要: 腰三横突综合征是以第3腰椎横突处明显压痛为主要特征的腰部劳损性疾病，归属于中医“伤筋”、“腰痛病”的范畴，好发于体型瘦长的青年体力劳动者、长期久坐久站的办公人群及腰部反复受力者。本病因第三腰椎横突解剖结构特殊，受外力、劳损等因素影响，致局部软组织无菌性炎症、粘连，压迫神经引发腰部疼痛及下肢牵涉痛。西医治疗以非甾体类抗炎药、物理治疗、局部封闭、手术治疗，虽起效快但易反复，且长期用药存在胃肠道等不良反应。中医治疗以针灸、推拿、中药内服外用为主要方法，其中针灸凭借操作简便、疗效确切、副作用小的优势，可有效改善患者腰椎功能、减轻疼痛。本文梳理针灸治疗腰三横突综合征的临床研究现状，从针刺、电针、浮针、温针灸等疗法的临床应用与机制进行综述，探讨针灸治疗该病的优势与进展，为临床实践提供参考。

Abstract: Lumbar third transverse process syndrome is a lumbar strain disease characterized by significant tenderness at the third lumbar transverse process. It falls under the categories of “injury of tendons” and “lumbago” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and is more common in slender young manual laborers, office workers who sit or stand for long periods, and individuals who repeatedly bear stress on their waist. Due to the special anatomical structure of the third lumbar transverse process, it is susceptible to external forces, strain, and other factors, leading to aseptic inflammation and adhesion of local soft tissues, which in turn compresses nerves and causes lumbar pain and referred pain in the lower limbs. Western medicine treatment includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, local block therapy, and surgery. Although these treatments are effective quickly, they are prone to recurrence, and long-term medication may cause adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal problems. TCM treatment mainly involves acupuncture and moxibustion, tuina, and oral and external administration of traditional Chinese medicine. Among these, acupuncture and moxibustion, with their advantages of simple operation, precise efficacy, and minimal side effects, can effectively improve lumbar function and alleviate pain. This article reviews the current clinical research on acupuncture and moxibustion for the treatment of lumbar third transverse process syndrome, summarizing the clinical application and mechanisms of acupuncture, electroacupuncture, floating acupuncture, and warm acupuncture-moxibustion. It discusses the advantages and progress of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating this disease, providing a reference for clinical practice.