浅谈针灸治疗脑卒中后认知障碍的临床研究进展及展望

A Brief Discussion on the Clinical Research Progress and Prospects of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in the Treatment of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment

摘要: 脑卒中后认知障碍(Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment, PSCI)是脑卒中的常见并发症之一，以记忆力减退、注意力不集中等为主要表现，严重影响患者的生活质量，加重家庭及社会负担。研究表明，本病与年龄、高血压、糖尿病等因素相关，我国PSCI的患病率高达51%，且随年龄增长而升高，女性患病率高于男性。目前，现代医学以药物、认知康复训练为主，但存在一定副作用、患者不耐受等问题。针灸作为常见的中医外治法之一，具有操作简便、安全无毒、疗效确切等优势，在PSCI的治疗中发挥了重要的优势。本文将从PSCI的中医病因病机、针灸治疗的方法、作用机制及未来展望等进行系统综述，梳理针灸治疗PSCI的临床研究进展，为针灸治疗PSCI提供参考。

Abstract: Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment (PSCI) is one of the common complications of stroke, primarily manifesting as memory loss and difficulty concentrating, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and increasing the burden on families and society. Studies have shown that this condition is associated with factors such as age, hypertension, and diabetes. In China, the prevalence of PSCI is as high as 51%, and it increases with age, with a higher prevalence rate in women than in men. Currently, modern medicine primarily relies on medication and cognitive rehabilitation training, but these methods come with certain side effects and patient intolerance issues. Acupuncture and moxibustion, as one of the common external treatment methods in traditional Chinese medicine, possesses advantages such as simplicity of operation, safety, non-toxicity, and precise efficacy, playing a significant role in the treatment of PSCI. This article will systematically review the etiology and pathogenesis of PSCI in traditional Chinese medicine, the methods and mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, as well as future prospects, summarizing the clinical research progress of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of PSCI and providing a reference for its application.