浅谈失眠的中西医结合治疗研究进展

A Brief Discussion on the Research Progress of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment for Insomnia

摘要: 失眠作为临床最常见的睡眠障碍性疾病之一，以入睡困难、睡眠维持障碍或早醒为主要表现，常伴有注意力、记忆力、情绪调控等能力损害。随着现代社会节奏加快、压力增加，全球范围内失眠的患病率已达30%~40%，其中中国成人失眠发生率约为38.2%，且呈逐年上升的趋势。长期失眠不仅会导致注意力不集中、记忆力减退等认知功能下降，还与焦虑症、抑郁症、高血压、糖尿病等慢性疾病的发生发展存在明确的关联。近年来，单一中医或西医治疗均存在一定局限性，西医的苯二氮䓬类、非苯二氮䓬类等传统镇静催眠药物，虽能快速改善入睡困难等症状，但长期使用易出现耐药性、依赖性、反跳性失眠，甚至可能加重认知功能损害；而单纯中医治疗的显效速度相对较慢，对重度失眠的单药控制率不足50%，难以满足临床中部分患者的治疗需求。因此，中西医结合治疗逐渐成为失眠研究的热点，本文就失眠的中西医结合治疗进行论述，现综述如下。

Abstract: Insomnia, as one of the most common sleep disorders in clinical practice, is primarily characterized by difficulty falling asleep, impaired sleep maintenance, or early awakening, often accompanied by impairments in attention, memory, and emotional regulation. With the accelerated pace and increased pressure of modern society, the prevalence of insomnia has reached 30%~40% globally, with an incidence rate of approximately 38.2% among Chinese adults, showing a trend of increasing year by year. Long-term insomnia not only leads to cognitive decline such as impaired attention and memory, but also has a clear association with the occurrence and development of chronic diseases such as anxiety, depression, hypertension, and diabetes. In recent years, both traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine treatments have shown certain limitations. Traditional sedative and hypnotic drugs such as benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines in Western medicine can rapidly improve symptoms such as difficulty falling asleep, but long-term use can lead to drug resistance, dependence, rebound insomnia, and even exacerbate cognitive impairment. Conversely, TCM treatment alone has a relatively slow onset of efficacy, with a single-drug control rate of less than 50% for severe insomnia, making it difficult to meet the treatment needs of some patients in clinical practice. Therefore, the integration of TCM and Western medicine has gradually become a hotspot in insomnia research. This article discusses the integrated TCM and Western medicine treatment for insomnia and provides a review as follows.