中青年OSAHS相关性高血压患者隐匿性靶器官损伤的筛查与护理预警方案构建

Construction of Screening and Nursing Early Warning Program for Latent Target Organ Injury in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with OSAHS-Related Hypertension

摘要: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)与高血压密切相关，二者共存时显著加速靶器官损伤进程。中青年人群作为社会主体，其OSAHS相关性高血压常因症状隐匿而延误诊治，导致早期心、肾、脑血管等靶器官损伤在临床常规检查中难以发现，待确诊时已进入不可逆阶段。本文分析了中青年OSAHS相关性高血压患者隐匿性靶器官损伤的流行病学特征与病理生理机制，探讨了护理人员在早期筛查中的独特作用，包括OSAHS风险评估、血压模式识别、靶器官损伤预警指标监测等核心职能。在此基础上，构建了涵盖筛查预警、精准评估、分层干预、延续随访的四级护理预警方案，并提出了实施保障策略，旨在推动护理实践从经验性管理向数据驱动的精准护理转型，为降低中青年人群心血管事件风险提供实践参考。

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is closely related to hypertension. When the two coexist, it significantly accelerates the process of target organ damage. As the main body of society, young and middle-aged population often delay diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS-related hypertension due to concealed symptoms, which makes it difficult to detect early target organ damage such as heart, kidney and cerebral blood vessels in routine clinical examinations. By the time of diagnosis, it has already entered an irreversible stage. This article analyzes the epidemiological characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of latent target organ injury in young and middle-aged patients with OSAHs-related hypertension, and explores the unique role of nursing staff in early screening, including core functions such as OSAHS risk assessment, blood pressure pattern recognition, and monitoring of target organ injury early warning indicators. On this basis, a four-level nursing early warning program covering screening and early warning, precise assessment, stratified intervention, and continuous follow-up was constructed, and implementation guarantee strategies were proposed, aiming to promote the transformation of nursing practice from empirical management to data-driven precise nursing, and provide practical references for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in the young and middle-aged population.