实验室安全管理：有机化学实验室应急演练场景探究

Exploration of Emergency Drill Scenarios in Organic Chemistry Laboratories for Laboratory Safety Management

摘要: 应急演练是提升实验人员应急处置能力的重要途径。本文针对有机化学实验室安全风险的特征，选取水银温度计破碎、浓硫酸泄露、高锰酸钾泄露、环己烯泄露、镁粉泄露五类代表性场景作为研究对象。基于瑞士奶酪模型、人因可靠性分析等相关理论，对应急处置流程的设计和合理性进行了研究。选择浓硫酸泄露场景为代表进行了实证性研究，评估演练方案的实操性。结果表明本文提供演练方案对提升人员安全意识、应急知识和操作技能方面具有较好的效果。

Abstract: Emergency drills are crucial means of enhancing the emergency response capabilities of laboratory personnel. This paper focuses on the characteristics of safety risks in organic chemistry laboratories and selects five representative scenarios as research subjects: broken mercury thermometer, concentrated sulfuric acid leakage, potassium permanganate leakage, cyclohexene leakage, and magnesium powder leakage. Based on theories such as Swiss cheese model and human reliability analysis, the design and rationality of emergency response procedures are investigated. A concentrated sulfuric acid leakage scenario is chosen as a representative case for empirical research to evaluate the practical operability of the drill plan. The results indicate that the drill plan provided in this paper yields favorable outcomes in improving personnel’s safety awareness, emergency knowledge, and operational skills.