个人信息保护中行政法介入的正当性研究

On the Legitimacy of Administrative Law Intervention in Personal Information Protection

摘要: 在数字化时代背景下，个人信息作为重要的社会资源，其保护问题日益凸显。由于个人信息的收集、使用与存储过程复杂且风险重重，个人信息泄露和滥用事件频发，给个人信息安全带来了巨大威胁。行政法在个人信息保护中具有独特优势，其主动性、强制性和高效性能够实现事前预防、事中监管和事后救济的有机结合。本文深入探讨了个人信息保护中行政法介入的正当性，指出行政机关有责任加强个人信息保护。同时，文章也明确了行政法介入的边界，强调需遵循比例原则，接受司法审查的实质性介入与社会监督的多元参与，确保个人信息主体权利得到充分保障。针对我国个人信息保护的现状与问题，提出了完善立法、加强执法和健全行政救济制度等规制路径。

Abstract: In the context of digitalization, the issue of personal information protection has become increasingly prominent as an important social resource. Due to the complexity and high risks involved in the collection, use, and storage of personal information, frequent incidents of personal information leakage and misuse pose a significant threat to personal information security. Administrative law has unique advantages in personal information protection, with its proactivity, compulsory nature, and efficiency enabling the organic integration of preventive measures, ongoing supervision, and post-event relief. This article delves into the legitimacy of administrative law intervention in personal information protection and points out that administrative agencies, as representatives of the public interest, have a responsibility to strengthen personal information protection. Meanwhile, the article also clarifies the boundaries of administrative law intervention, emphasizing the need to adhere to the principle of proportionality, accept checks and balances of power, and ensure adequate protection of individuals’ rights related to personal information. Addressing the current situation and issues in China’s personal information protection, the article proposes regulatory pathways such as improving legislation, strengthening law enforcement, and enhancing administrative relief systems.