金合欢素药理作用及其分子机制的研究进展

Research Progress on the Pharmacological Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Acaciaflavone

摘要: 金合欢素(Acacetin, Aca)是豆科金合欢属植物中特有的一种天然黄酮类活性成分。现代药理学研究表明，该化合物具有多种显著的药理活性，包括肝脏保护、改善骨关节炎、抗抑郁以及减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤等。这些保护效应主要通过抗氧化应激、抑制炎症因子释放、调控细胞凋亡与自噬通路等分子机制实现。本文对近年来国内外关于金合欢素的药理研究进展进行系统综述，重点总结其在肝脏、骨骼关节、神经系统及心血管系统中的保护作用及其信号通路调控机制。

Abstract: Acacetin (Aca) is a natural flavonoid active component unique to plants of the genus Acacia (Fabaceae). Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that this compound exhibits a variety of significant biological activities, including hepatoprotection, amelioration of osteoarthritis, antidepressant effects, and attenuation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. These protective effects are primarily mediated through molecular mechanisms such as anti‑oxidative stress, inhibition of inflammatory cytokine release, and regulation of apoptosis and autophagy pathways. This article systematically reviews recent advances in the pharmacological research on acacetin, with an emphasis on its protective roles in the liver, skeletal joints, nervous system, and cardiovascular system, as well as the underlying signaling pathways involved.