经鼻高流量氧疗的生理效应及其在内镜 手术麻醉中的应用进展
Physiological Effects of High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Its Application Progress in Endoscopic Procedural Anesthesia
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1652104, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 宋 超：西南医科大学附属医院麻醉科，四川 泸州；内江市第一人民医院麻醉科，四川 内江；张 悦：内江市第一人民医院麻醉科，四川 内江；周 军*：西南医科大学附属医院麻醉科，四川 泸州
关键词: 经鼻高流量氧疗；生理效应；内镜手术；麻醉；气道管理；High-Flow Nasal Cannula； Physiological Effects； Endoscopic Procedures； Anesthesia； Airway Management
摘要: 内镜手术麻醉过程中，镇静或麻醉药物容易导致上气道塌陷、通气不足及低氧血症发生，尤其在老年、肥胖或心肺储备功能较弱患者中更为常见。与传统氧疗方式相比，经鼻高流量氧疗(high-flow nasal cannula, HFNC)具有提供稳定较高的吸入氧浓度、产生一定水平的气道正压、冲洗上气道无效腔、降低呼吸功及改善气道湿化等优点，可增强氧合并改善呼吸生理状态。近年来，HFNC在多种内镜手术麻醉中的应用逐渐增多，研究证明HFNC在改善围术期氧合、降低低氧血症发生、减少气道干预和提高操作连续性方面具有一定优势。本文就HFNC的主要生理效应及HFNC在内镜手术麻醉中的应用进展作一综述，以期为临床实践及今后的研究提供参考。
Abstract: During endoscopic procedural anesthesia, sedative and anesthetic agents can easily cause upper airway collapse, hypoventilation, and hypoxemia, especially in older patients, obese patients, and patients with poor cardiopulmonary reserve. Compared with conventional oxygen therapy, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has several advantages. HFNC can provide a relatively stable and high inspired oxygen concentration, generate a certain level of positive airway pressure, wash out upper airway dead space, reduce the work of breathing, and improve airway humidification. These effects help improve oxygenation and respiratory physiology. In recent years, the use of HFNC in different types of endoscopic procedural anesthesia has increased gradually. Current studies show that HFNC has certain advantages in improving perioperative oxygenation, reducing the incidence of hypoxemia, decreasing airway interventions, and maintaining procedural continuity. This article reviews the main physiological effects of HFNC and summarizes the progress of its application in endoscopic procedural anesthesia, with the aim of providing a reference for clinical practice and future research.
文章引用：宋超, 张悦, 周军. 经鼻高流量氧疗的生理效应及其在内镜 手术麻醉中的应用进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(5): 2910-2920. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1652104

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