同伴支持策略在学前融合教育中的应用

Application of Peer Support Strategies in Preschool Inclusive Education

摘要: 同伴支持策略是实现学前融合教育实质融合的关键路径。本文系统阐述了其在促进特殊需要幼儿社会适应、培养普通幼儿包容品质及优化班级生态中的核心价值。针对当前存在的同伴互动不足、支持策略缺乏针对性、教师引导效能偏低及环境保障薄弱等现实困境，研究从营造包容氛围、设计互动游戏、强化教师引导、建立结对机制及构建协同体系等方面提出了具体应用路径，并强调了加强教师培训、优化资源配置与健全家园社协同等保障措施的重要性，以推动学前融合教育从形式走向实质，促进所有幼儿的全面发展。

Abstract: Peer support strategy is a key approach to achieving substantive integration in preschool inclusive education. This paper systematically expounds its core values in promoting social adaptation of young children with special needs, cultivating inclusive qualities of typically developing children, and optimizing the classroom ecosystem. In view of the current practical dilemmas including insufficient peer interaction, lack of targeted support strategies, low efficiency of teacher guidance, and weak environmental support, this study puts forward specific application paths from the aspects of creating an inclusive atmosphere, designing interactive games, strengthening teacher guidance, establishing a pairing mechanism, and building a collaborative system. It also emphasizes the importance of guarantee measures such as strengthening teacher training, optimizing resource allocation, and improving home-kindergarten-community collaboration, so as to promote preschool inclusive education from formal to substantive integration and facilitate the all-round development of all children.